# V4
Have not release v3, but many change to `skate` so we may continue with v4.
# Unstructured
```
{
"biblio": {
"unstructured": "J. Häger, W. Krieger, T. Rüegg, and H. Walther, J. Chem. Phys. 72, 4286 (1980).JCPSA60021-9606"
},
"index": 8,
"key": "_r4",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 1983,
"release_ident": "tebzylkszzbyjggye5ssmebdcy",
"work_ident": "aaaofyp6uzcdnbe7hvfahylyha"
}
```
We should be able to match: "J. Chem. Phys.", also maybe "72, 4286 (1980)", w/
id, title we should be able to match to:
https://fatcat.wiki/release/d2k7en7tzzdzzddwfo5xlqx4ce
If nothing else defined, and unstructured contains a URL, we may extract that.
```
{
"biblio": {
"unstructured": "Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) 2008 FES in Nepal. FES http://www.fesnepal.org/about/fes_in_nepal.htm (accessed February 15, 2009)"
},
"index": 19,
"key": "CIT0020",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2011,
"release_ident": "xqgaanhpf5gotdxxxytgyxw2ty",
"work_ident": "aaaq35j3angwzdpzcvzdil3v4y"
}
```
Also, these may say: "accessed at ..."
# URL
* url cleanup in place
# Partial Data Mapping
* how to map partial docs onto a key
# OL beyond ISBN
Example:
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "The Debt: What America Owes to Blacks",
"contrib_raw_names": [
"R Robinson"
],
"unstructured": "Randall Robinson, The Debt: What America Owes to Blacks. New York: Dutton Books, 2000, pp. 219–220.",
"year": 2000
},
"index": 22,
"key": "8_CR23",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2009,
"release_ident": "2igycuiobvhxrcmmrzz6anufuq",
"work_ident": "aaacj23jqbdxvajwj5kc6jpejq"
}
```
* https://openlibrary.org/works/OL488811W/The_debt?edition=debtwhatamerica000robi
However, there is no explicit "subtitle" fields, and in this case, the subtitle is buried in "text":
```
{
"key": "/works/OL488811W",
"text": [
"/works/OL488811W",
"The debt",
"The Debt",
"The Debt ",
"what America owes to Blacks",
"What America Owes to Blacks",
"OL46591M",
"OL7771042M",
"OL7590904M",
"OL3382710M",
"Randall Robinson.",
"2004556979",
"99045728",
"0452282101",
"0525945245",
```
Subtitle in editions.
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "BLACK AFRICA: The Economic and Cultural Basis for a Federated State",
"unstructured": "For details on African Renaissance see Cheikh Anta Diop, BLACK AFRICA: The Economic and Cultural Basis for a Federated State, New Expanded Edition. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1987.",
"year": 1987
},
"index": 28,
"key": "8_CR29",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2009,
"release_ident": "2igycuiobvhxrcmmrzz6anufuq",
"work_ident": "aaacj23jqbdxvajwj5kc6jpejq"
}
```
## OL Loop
Some do not have an explicit "works" key, but still link to an edition.
* https://openlibrary.org/books/OL10000230M/Parliamentary_Debates_House_Of_Lords_2003-2004?edition=
> An edition of Parliamentary Debates, House Of Lords 2003-2004
Example edition:
```
{
"publishers": [
"Du Temps"
],
"languages": [
{
"key": "/languages/fre"
}
],
"last_modified": {
"type": "/type/datetime",
"value": "2010-04-24T18:46:01.556464"
},
"weight": "5 ounces",
"title": "Les Fleurs bleues de Raymond Queneau",
"identifiers": {
"goodreads": [
"487215"
]
},
"isbn_13": [
"9782842741013"
],
"covers": [
3140044
],
"physical_format": "Paperback",
"isbn_10": [
"2842741013"
],
"publish_date": "January 1, 2000",
"key": "/books/OL12622734M",
"authors": [
{
"key": "/authors/OL3964945A"
}
],
"latest_revision": 5,
"works": [
{
"key": "/works/OL10000008W"
}
],
"type": {
"key": "/type/edition"
},
"physical_dimensions": "8.4 x 5.7 x 0.3 inches",
"revision": 5
}
```
Example Work:
```
{
"title": "Les Fleurs bleues de Raymond Queneau",
"created": {
"type": "/type/datetime",
"value": "2009-12-11T01:57:19.964652"
},
"covers": [
3140044
],
"last_modified": {
"type": "/type/datetime",
"value": "2010-04-28T06:54:19.472104"
},
"latest_revision": 3,
"key": "/works/OL10000008W",
"authors": [
{
"type": "/type/author_role",
"author": {
"key": "/authors/OL3964945A"
}
}
],
"type": {
"key": "/type/work"
},
"revision": 3
}
```
----
## Unmatched
If we exclude any id and title, we'll roughly have the following fields:
```
container_name|contrib_raw_names|year 64064559
unstructured 61711602
container_name|contrib_raw_names|volume|year 49701699
container_name|contrib_raw_names|unstructured|volume|year 36401044
container_name|contrib_raw_names|unstructured|year 26663422
contrib_raw_names|unstructured 16731608
container_name|contrib_raw_names|doi|unstructured|year 14207167
container_name|contrib_raw_names|doi|year 13159340
```
Some examples:
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "Intern. J. Comput. Math.",
"contrib_raw_names": [
"D. Levin"
],
"volume": "B3",
"year": 1973
},
"index": 19,
"key": "PhysRevB.48.6913Cc15R1",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 1993,
"release_ident": "i6s6e64n55hh5oned32mdwrs2i",
"work_ident": "aaaeuvgitzfafczctw3bseauri"
}
```
This refers to:
* https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00207167308803075
* 1972, and not 1973, 1993
* https://fatcat.wiki/release/3cstmufhszalvpnppwxjohnnsa
It would help to go from "container name" to "issn", e.g. here: 0020-7160
* https://fatcat.wiki/release/search?q=levin+container_id%3A%22y4k3i2fvabgarkvywismzvy23a%22+year%3A1972
```
$ grep -i "Intern.*J.*Comput.*Math.*" jabbrev.json
{"name": "COMPEL-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR COMPUTATION AND MATHEMATICS IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING", "abbrev": "COMPEL"}
{"name": "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE", "abbrev": "INT J APPL MATH COMP"}
{"name": "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER MATHEMATICS", "abbrev": "INT J COMPUT MATH"}
```
Lookup name in issn:
```
$ zstdcat tmp/data.ndj.zst | grep -i "INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER MATHEMATICS" | jq .
"@graph": [
{
"@id": "http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/countries/enk",
"label": "England"
},
{
"@id": "organization/ISSNCenter#_1",
"@type": "http://schema.org/Organization"
},
{
"@id": "resource/ISSN-L/0020-7160",
"identifiedBy": "resource/ISSN/0020-7160#ISSN-L"
},
{
"@id": "resource/ISSN/0020-7160",
"@type": [
"http://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe/Instance",
"http://id.loc.gov/ontologies/bibframe/Work",
"http://schema.org/Periodical"
],
"format": "vocabularies/medium#Print",
"http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/issn": "0020-7160",
"identifiedBy": [
"resource/ISSN/0020-7160#ISSN-L",
"resource/ISSN/0020-7160#ISSN",
"resource/ISSN/0020-7160#KeyTitle"
],
```
We would need:
* rough abbrev name -> full name (jabbrev) -> issn (issnlister) -> container id (fatcat)
Example, title match with OL:
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "Private schooling in less economically developed countries",
"contrib_raw_names": [
"Caddell M."
],
"year": 2008
},
"index": 7,
"key": "CIT0008",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2011,
"release_ident": "xqgaanhpf5gotdxxxytgyxw2ty",
"work_ident": "aaaq35j3angwzdpzcvzdil3v4y"
}
```
A matching OL edition record:
```
{
"publishers": [
"Symposium Books"
],
"languages": [
{
"key": "/languages/eng"
}
],
"number_of_pages": 214,
"subtitle": "Asian and African Perspectives (Oxford Studies in Comparative Education)",
"weight": "12.6 ounces",
"title": "Private Schooling in Less Economically Developed Countries",
"isbn_10": [
"1873927851"
],
"type": {
"key": "/type/edition"
},
"identifiers": {
"goodreads": [
"1078335"
]
},
"isbn_13": [
"9781873927854"
],
"covers": [
3020365
],
"physical_format": "Paperback",
"key": "/books/OL12102259M",
"publish_date": "April 1, 2007",
"contributions": [
"Prachi Srivastava (Editor)",
"Geoffrey Walford (Editor)"
],
"subjects": [
"Organization & management of education",
"ASIA",
"Africa",
"Reference / General"
],
"physical_dimensions": "9.1 x 6.1 x 0.7 inches",
"works": [
{
"key": "/works/OL24081822W"
}
],
"lccn": [
"2007408632"
],
"lc_classifications": [
"LC57.5 .P75 2007"
],
```
----
# Completeness
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "La vida y época de Prebisch",
"year": 2010
},
"index": 5,
"key": "key20191115064515_B6",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2019,
"release_ident": "oc6nhkoah5gcnjfsjpct4ij3ea",
"work_ident": "aaachbf2kbdnxekwdujbmnlw4a"
}
```
* https://fatcat.wiki/release/oc6nhkoah5gcnjfsjpct4ij3ea/references
* https://www.iberoamericana.se/articles/10.16993/iberoamericana.467/galley/445/download/
In the PDF, we find a DOI as well, but it seems to be not extracted. In fact;
the ref data comes from crossref.
Grobid gets the DOI:
```
La vida y época de Prebisch. 1901-1986. Madrid: Marcial Pons
EJDosman
10.18356/40a5d411-es
```
Other issues:
* year vs release_year
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes",
"year": 1980
},
"index": 13,
"key": "key20191115064515_B14",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2019,
"release_ident": "oc6nhkoah5gcnjfsjpct4ij3ea",
"work_ident": "aaachbf2kbdnxekwdujbmnlw4a"
}
```
## Conservative Verification
* closeby, but different years, although it seems it would actually be a match
```
different year /works/OL13199655W lvtfhk63kjbthacu2aam3jgudu 1000000delinquents 1000000 delinquents 1,000,000 Delinquents
different year /works/OL13199655W wpp46slm6nca7b3nwdwtjbegla 1000000delinquents 1000000 delinquents 1,000,000 Delinquents
different year /works/OL13199655W gvzsp7pz75d6roxrrarduprmie 1000000delinquents 1000000 delinquents 1,000,000 Delinquents
different year /works/OL13199655W ilga2kj4nnaqdh4rmogbsgbgbe 1000000delinquents 1000000 delinquents 1,000,000 Delinquents
different year /works/OL13199655W 5ujpef3vjzhkvmse6ovey2q2zi 1000000delinquents 1000000 delinquents 1,000,000 Delinquents
```
## Journal name augmentation
In ~160M unmatched refs (release format) we could resolve 14M container names, via `skate-resolve-journal-name`.
```
$ zstdcat date-2021-05-06.tsv.zst | skate-resolve-journal-name -B -A /magna/data/jabbrev.json | cut -f 2 | pv -l | LC_ALL=C grep -cF resolved_container_name
2021/06/01 13:02:20 found 27178 abbreviation mappings
160M 0:14:49 [ 180k/s] [ <=> ]
14090677
```
## Discrepancy
* https://fatcat.wiki/release/cgmnjwrhlvccxnxyewd4buuhzm/references
UnmatchedRefs contains entry 11:
```
{
"biblio": {
"container_name": "Med J Aust",
"contrib_raw_names": [
"Dracup K"
],
"volume": "166",
"year": 1997
},
"index": 9,
"key": "bibr11-010740830802800102",
"ref_source": "crossref",
"release_year": 2008,
"release_ident": "cgmnjwrhlvccxnxyewd4buuhzm",
"work_ident": "aabzzlohgza2pfaol7cgqlvpke"
}
```
In frontend, we only have a DOI; https://fatcat.wiki/release/lookup?doi=10.1016/s0147-9563(97)90082-0
## More OL matching
> ran open library and fatcat fuzzy matching (via container name) on all docs,
> that did not have an id-based match; found 139M link candidates, of which
> verification 11M strong or exact matches, of which around 3M had some IA
> identifier (about 200K unique; but looking at a few of them, it seems these were somewhat
> restricted items, e.g. "print-disabled"
Most referenced items were:
```
13010 ia:discoverygrounde00glas
9351 ia:selfefficacyexer0000band
8341 ia:basicsofqualitat0000stra
7562 ia:researchdesignqu00cres
7027 ia:basicsqualitativ00stra
6397 ia:qualitativedataa00mile
5958 ia:briefhistoryneol00harv
5779 ia:constructinggrou00char
5291 ia:reassemblingsoci00lato
4908 ia:econometricanaly0000gree_f5q0
4762 ia:powerknowledges00fouc
4733 ia:stressappraisalc00rich
4673 ia:locationculture00bhab_220
4405 ia:threeworldswelfa00espi
4330 ia:bodiesthatmatter00butl_662
4306 ia:gendertroublefem0000butl_d7d5
4249 ia:contentanalysisi00krip
4059 ia:practiceofeveryd01cert
4013 ia:intermolecularsu00isra
3925 ia:culturesorganiza00hofs
3621 ia:fractalgeometryo00beno
3564 ia:modernityatlarge00appa
3483 ia:modelselectionmu00burn_141
3454 ia:economicinstitut00will
3300 ia:economictheoryof00down_0
3289 ia:seeinglikestateh00scot_250
3204 ia:densityfunctiona00parr
3158 ia:experienceeducat00dewe_0
3127 ia:infraredramanspe00naka
3114 ia:qualitativeinqui00cres_711
3088 ia:sciencehumanbeha00bfsk
3050 ia:structuralequati0000byrn_g1v4
3050 ia:numericalrecipes0000unse_j9c5
3003 ia:conductionheatso00cars
2955 ia:fifthdisciplineasen00seng
2793 ia:homosacersoverei00agam_937
2746 ia:naturalisticinqu00linc
2737 ia:postmoderncondit00lyot_037
2673 ia:mathematicsdiffu00cran
2576 ia:principlespracti0000klin
2530 ia:hydrodynamichydr00chan
2499 ia:strategicmanagem00free
2493 ia:viscoelasticprop00ferr
2454 ia:wehaveneverbeenm00lato_404
2428 ia:foucaultreader00fouc
2386 ia:languagesymbolic0000bour_1991
2381 ia:weaponsofweakeve0000scot
2380 ia:greattransforma000pola
2370 ia:crossingqualityc00amer_984
```
## Glitch in GS?
The fractal geometry of nature is "cited by 47428"
(https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=%22fractal+geometry+of+nature%22&btnG=);
on page one of references, there is "Gaussian processes in machine learning"
(2003), via:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Olivier_Bousquet/publication/238718428_Advanced_Lectures_on_Machine_Learning_ML_Summer_Schools_2003_Canberra_Australia_February_2-14_2003_Tubingen_Germany_August_4-16_2003_Revised_Lectures/links/02e7e52c5870850311000000/Advanced-Lectures-on-Machine-Learning-ML-Summer-Schools-2003-Canberra-Australia-February-2-14-2003-Tuebingen-Germany-August-4-16-2003-Revised-Lectures.pdf#page=70
- the paper itself does not contain a reference -- in the whole document.
## OL fuzzy different
Reasons, why pairs were marked as *different*:
```
$ zstdcat -T UnmatchedOpenLibraryMatchTable/date-2021-05-06.tsv.zst | grep ^different | cut -f2 | LC_ALL=C sort -S50% | uniq -c | sort -nr
47324670 year
46016349 contribintersectionempty
582618 pagecount
460 titlefilename
25 numdiff
```
The `year` may refer to different editions:
* https://fatcat.wiki/release/kngofkvoo5cinj4wqerrey4tpi/references
* https://openlibrary.org/works/OL16286792W/One_hundred_and_seventeen_days?edition=onehundredsevent00firs
> 117 Days: An Account of Confinement and Interrogation under the South African
> 90-Day Detention Law.2006 | vs This edition was published in 1965 by Penguin
> Books
## Data mismatch
* FE: https://fatcat.wiki/release/niivpohpabhajdsf35x7hr4efm/references, [8]: 2011
refs (2017 only)
```
{
"container_name": "19 & 20: Notes for a New Social Protagonism",
"container": {
"container_type": "",
"ident": "",
"issnl": "",
"name": "",
"publisher": "",
"revision": "",
"state": "",
"wikidata_qid": ""
},
"contribs": [
{
"raw_name": "Colective Situaciones"
}
],
"ext_ids": {},
"ident": "niivpohpabhajdsf35x7hr4efm",
"release_year": "2017",
"work_id": "7eghl5lcivfmha6d4uavrrkpce",
"extra": {
"crossref": {},
"datacite": {},
"skate": {
"status": "ref",
"ref": {
"index": 7,
"key": "\nkey\n\t\t\t\t20171225032503_CIT0007"
},
"rg": {},
"resolved_container_name": ""
},
"ol": {}
}
}
{
"container_name": "A Dictionary of Marxist Thought (2nd ed.)",
"container": {
"container_type": "",
"ident": "",
"issnl": "",
"name": "",
"publisher": "",
"revision": "",
"state": "",
"wikidata_qid": ""
},
"ext_ids": {},
"ident": "niivpohpabhajdsf35x7hr4efm",
"release_year": "2017",
"title": "Price of production and the transformation problem",
"work_id": "7eghl5lcivfmha6d4uavrrkpce",
"extra": {
"crossref": {},
"datacite": {},
"skate": {
"status": "ref",
"ref": {
"index": 12,
"key": "\nkey\n\t\t\t\t20171225032503_CIT0012"
},
"rg": {},
"resolved_container_name": ""
},
"ol": {}
}
}
{
"container_name": "A Grammar of the Multitude: For an Analysis of Contemporary Forms of Life",
"container": {
"container_type": "",
"ident": "",
"issnl": "",
"name": "",
"publisher": "",
"revision": "",
"state": "",
"wikidata_qid": ""
},
"ext_ids": {},
"ident": "niivpohpabhajdsf35x7hr4efm",
"release_year": "2017",
"work_id": "7eghl5lcivfmha6d4uavrrkpce",
"extra": {
"crossref": {},
"datacite": {},
"skate": {
"status": "ref",
"ref": {
"index": 45,
"key": "\nkey\n\t\t\t\t20171225032503_CIT0044"
},
"rg": {},
"resolved_container_name": ""
},
"ol": {}
}
}
{
"container_name": "An Introduction to the Three Volumes of Karl Marx's Capital",
"container": {
"container_type": "",
"ident": "",
"issnl": "",
"name": "",
"publisher": "",
"revision": "",
"state": "",
"wikidata_qid": ""
},
"ext_ids": {},
"ident": "niivpohpabhajdsf35x7hr4efm",
"release_year": "2017",
"work_id": "7eghl5lcivfmha6d4uavrrkpce",
"extra": {
"crossref": {},
"datacite": {},
"skate": {
"status": "ref",
"ref": {
"index": 21,
"key": "\nkey\n\t\t\t\t20171225032503_CIT0020"
},
"rg": {},
"resolved_container_name": ""
},
"ol": {}
}
}
```
## Grobid misses (ISBN)
* PDF: https://web.archive.org/web/20031204233716/http://grace.wharton.upenn.edu:80/~sok/sokpapers/1999-0/indiana-transparency/flbc-transparency.pdf
* seems grobid does not recognize ISBN?
```
Electronic data interchange in logistics
MargaretAEmmelhainz
The Logistics Handbook
James F. Robeson and William C. Copacino
New York, NY
The Free Press
WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database
Christiane Fellbaum
The MIT Press
Cambridge, MA
```
## Duplicates in combined dataset
When we merge matches with refs, we find duplicates, e.g.:
```
{
"_id": "4kg2dejsgzaf3cszs2lt5hz4by_9",
"indexed_ts": "2021-06-15T15:30:42Z",
"source_release_ident": "4kg2dejsgzaf3cszs2lt5hz4by",
"source_work_ident": "2222jduvonfg3p2no5gvvf2sj4",
"source_year": "2011",
"ref_index": 9,
"ref_key": "ref9",
"target_release_ident": "itntzdjbczfmhhaynqvqcwp6wm",
"target_work_ident": "csff4o7yjzbz3mfszl4zvfkcua",
"match_provenance": "crossref",
"match_status": "exact",
"match_reason": "doi"
}
{
"_id": "4kg2dejsgzaf3cszs2lt5hz4by_9",
"indexed_ts": "2021-06-15T15:30:42Z",
"source_release_ident": "4kg2dejsgzaf3cszs2lt5hz4by",
"source_work_ident": "2222jduvonfg3p2no5gvvf2sj4",
"source_year": "2011",
"ref_index": 9,
"ref_key": "b9",
"match_status": "unmatched",
"match_reason": "unknown",
"target_unstructured": "Danaceau JP, Deering CE, Day JE, Smeal SJ, Johnson-Davis KL, et al. (2007) Persistence of tolerance to methamphetamine-induced monoamine deficits. Eur J Pharmacol 559: 46-54."
}
{
"_id": "4kg2dejsgzaf3cszs2lt5hz4by_9",
"indexed_ts": "2021-06-15T15:30:42Z",
"source_release_ident": "4kg2dejsgzaf3cszs2lt5hz4by",
"source_work_ident": "2222jduvonfg3p2no5gvvf2sj4",
"source_year": "2011",
"ref_index": 9,
"ref_key": "ref10",
"match_status": "unmatched",
"match_reason": "unknown"
}
```
Here, the ref index is 9, but ref keys are different, which might come from a
different grobid run. I feel, we should not depend on a value that we have
little control over.
As a mititgation, we'll run a final deduplication step; but that won't catch
all duplicates, e.g. when the indices are different, but the reference is
actually the same.
Would need to "uniq" tool for the whole ref blob or something like that.
----
## QA: duplicates
There seem to be many self-links in the dataset:
* sample: 25668733, duplicate rows: 1913155; about 8% (although only 145030 uniq; many repetitions)
```
$ LC_ALL=C awk '$1 == $2' bref_tabs.tsv # ....
56fbxcue6rdxlmxqto7vibg2xi 56fbxcue6rdxlmxqto7vibg2xi exact doi crossref
o2juqzskxzdtpbait5gxg3yf4q o2juqzskxzdtpbait5gxg3yf4q exact doi crossref
6mwdlhvbljgtdntz5qifywhsn4 6mwdlhvbljgtdntz5qifywhsn4 exact doi crossref
t7vluqxmgbe4pipf4nkfcayedq t7vluqxmgbe4pipf4nkfcayedq exact doi crossref
iofm6brptvczlnrys5vxw34x3i iofm6brptvczlnrys5vxw34x3i exact doi crossref
soa44abzivcnfnsx4ymxvbyg44 soa44abzivcnfnsx4ymxvbyg44 exact doi crossref
7fs4c3u2ofcmxie344o5e4wuxi 7fs4c3u2ofcmxie344o5e4wuxi exact doi crossref
igyewr6er5epfozhk7dyfqa5tu igyewr6er5epfozhk7dyfqa5tu exact doi crossref
```
----
# Numbers
* old crossref dump; no partial matches yet
* 740,248,530 unique edges