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.. highlight:: cpp
.. _lang-constrain:
constrain()
===========
(Macro) Constrains a number to be within a range.
Syntax
------
::
constrain(x, a, b)
Parameters
----------
**x**: the number to constrain
**a**: the lower end of the range
**b**: the upper end of the range
Returns
-------
**x**: if **x** is between **a** and **b**
**a**: if **x** is less than **a**
**b**: if **x** is greater than **b**
Example
-------
::
// limits range of sensor values to between 10 and 150:
sensVal = constrain(sensVal, 10, 150);
Warning
-------
Because of the way ``constrain()`` is implemented, avoid using other
functions or causing side effects inside the parentheses, as it may
lead to incorrect results::
constrain(x,a++,b); // avoid this - yields incorrect results
constrain(x,a,b); // use this instead-
a++; // keep other math outside constrain()
Arduino Compatibility
---------------------
Maple's implementation of ``constrain()`` is compatible with Arduino.
See Also
--------
- :ref:`min() <lang-min>`
- :ref:`max() <lang-max>`
.. include:: /arduino-cc-attribution.txt
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