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diff --git a/docs/source/lang/cpp/longlong.rst b/docs/source/lang/cpp/longlong.rst new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d942cb4 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/source/lang/cpp/longlong.rst @@ -0,0 +1,56 @@ +.. highlight:: cpp + +.. _lang-longlong: + +``long long`` +============= + +The ``long long`` data type stores extended size integer values. You +can use a ``long long`` when your values are too large to fit into an +:ref:`int <lang-int>`. A ``long long`` occupies 8 bytes of memory. +This yields a range of approximately -9.2×10^18 to 9.2×10^18 (that's +9.2 billion billion, or about 92 million times the number of stars in +the Milky Way galaxy). The exact range of a ``long long`` on the +Maple is from -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807, +or -2^63 to (2^63-1). A ``long long`` it is subject to the same +:ref:`overflow issues <lang-variables-rollover>` as any numeric data +type. + +A synonym for the ``long long`` type is ``int64``. + +Here's an example of declaring a long long (see :ref:`integer +constants <lang-constants-integers-u-l>` for an explanation of the +"LL" at the end of the number):: + + // Speed of light in nanometers per second (approximate). + long long c = 299792458000000000LL; + +The general syntax for declaring an ``long long`` variable named ``var``, +then giving it value ``val``, looks like:: + + long long var = val; + +This is identical to the ``int`` syntax, with ``long long`` (or, at +your option, ``int64``) replacing ``int``. + +Note that ``long long`` values will still :ref:`overflow +<lang-int-overflow>`, just like ``int`` values, but their much larger +range makes this less likely to happen. + +The downside to using a ``long long`` instead of an ``int`` (besides +the extra storage) is that :ref:`arithmetic <lang-arithmetic>` +operations on ``long long``\ s will take slightly longer than on +``int``\ s. + +See Also +-------- + +- :ref:`char <lang-char>` +- :ref:`unsigned char <lang-unsignedchar>` +- :ref:`int <lang-int>` +- :ref:`unsigned int <lang-unsignedint>` +- :ref:`unsigned long long <lang-unsignedlonglong>` +- :ref:`Integer Constants <lang-constants-integers>` +- :ref:`Variables <lang-variables>` + +.. include:: /arduino-cc-attribution.txt |