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Diffstat (limited to 'docs/source/arduino/long.rst')
-rw-r--r-- | docs/source/arduino/long.rst | 62 |
1 files changed, 32 insertions, 30 deletions
diff --git a/docs/source/arduino/long.rst b/docs/source/arduino/long.rst index 3d59896..6d20111 100644 --- a/docs/source/arduino/long.rst +++ b/docs/source/arduino/long.rst @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +.. highlight:: cpp + .. _arduino-long: long @@ -6,45 +8,45 @@ long Description ----------- -Long variables are extended size variables for number storage, and -store 32 bits (4 bytes), from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. - - - -Example -------- - - - -:: +The ``long`` data type stores extended size integer values. You can +use a ``long`` when your values are too large to fit into an :ref:`int +<arduino-int>`. A ``long`` occupies 8 bytes of memory. This yields a +range of approximately -9.2×10^18 to 9.2×10^18 (that's 9.2 billion +billion, or about 92 million times the number of stars in the Milky +Way galaxy). The exact range of a ``long`` on the Maple is from +-9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807, or -2^63 to +(2^63-1). - long speedOfLight = 186000L; // see Integer Constants for explanation of the 'L' +Here's an example of declaring a long (see :ref:`integer constants +<arduino-constants-u-l>` for explanation of the 'L'):: + // Speed of light in nanometers per second (approximate). + long c = 299792458000000000L; +The general syntax for declaring an ``long`` variable named ``var``, +then giving it value ``val``, looks like:: -Syntax ------- + long var = val; -:: - - long var = val; - - - - -- var - the long variable name -- val - the value assigned to the variable +This is identical to the ``int`` syntax, with ``long`` replacing +``int``. +Note that ``long`` values will still :ref:`overflow +<arduino-int-overflow>`, just like ``int`` values, but their much +larger range makes this less likely to happen. +The downside to using a ``long`` instead of an ``int`` (besides the +extra storage) is that :ref:`arithmetic <arduino-arithmetic>` +operations on ``long``\ s will take longer than on ``int``\ s. See Also -------- - -- `byte <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Byte>`_ -- `int <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Int>`_ -- `unsigned int <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/UnsignedInt>`_ -- `unsigned long <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/UnsignedLong>`_ -- `Integer Constants <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/IntegerConstants>`_ -- `Variable Declaration <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/VariableDeclaration>`_ +- :ref:`char <arduino-char>` +- :ref:`unsigned char <arduino-unsignedchar>` +- :ref:`int <arduino-int>` +- :ref:`unsigned int <arduino-unsignedint>` +- :ref:`unsigned long <arduino-unsignedlong>` +- :ref:`Integer Constants <arduino-constants-integers>` +- :ref:`Variables <arduino-variables>` |