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diff --git a/docs/source/arduino/integerconstants.rst b/docs/source/arduino/integerconstants.rst deleted file mode 100644 index d60ed24..0000000 --- a/docs/source/arduino/integerconstants.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,130 +0,0 @@ -.. _arduino-integerconstants: - -Integer Constants -================= - -Integer constants are numbers used directly in a sketch, like -``123``. By default, these numbers are treated as -`int <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Int>`_'s but you can change -this with the U and L modifiers (see below). - - - -Normally, integer constants are treated as base 10 (decimal) -integers, but special notation (formatters) may be used to enter -numbers in other bases. - - - -:: - - Base Example Formatter Comment - - 10 (decimal) 123 none - - 2 (binary) B1111011 leading 'B' only works with 8 bit values (0 to 255) - characters 0-1 valid - - 8 (octal) 0173 leading "0" characters 0-7 valid - - 16 (hexadecimal) 0x7B leading "0x" characters 0-9, A-F, a-f valid - - - -**Decimal** is base 10. This is the common-sense math with which -you are acquainted. Constants without other prefixes are assumed to -be in decimal format. - - - -Example: -:: - - 101 // same as 101 decimal ((1 * 10^2) + (0 * 10^1) + 1) - -**Binary** is base two. Only characters 0 and 1 are valid. - - - -Example: -:: - - B101 // same as 5 decimal ((1 * 2^2) + (0 * 2^1) + 1) - -The binary formatter only works on bytes (8 bits) between 0 (B0) -and 255 (B11111111). If it is convenient to input an int (16 bits) -in binary form you can do it a two-step procedure such as: - - - -:: - - myInt = (B11001100 * 256) + B10101010; // B11001100 is the high byte - - - -**Octal** is base eight. Only characters 0 through 7 are valid. -Octal values are indicated by the prefix "0" - - - -Example: - -:: - - 0101 // same as 65 decimal ((1 * 8^2) + (0 * 8^1) + 1) - -Warning -It is possible to generate a hard-to-find bug by (unintentionally) -including a leading zero before a constant and having the compiler -unintentionally interpret your constant as octal. -**Hexadecimal (or hex)** is base sixteen. Valid characters are 0 -through 9 and letters A through F; A has the value 10, B is 11, up -to F, which is 15. Hex values are indicated by the prefix "0x". -Note that A-F may be syted in upper or lower case (a-f). - - - -Example: - -:: - - 0x101 // same as 257 decimal ((1 * 16^2) + (0 * 16^1) + 1) - - - -U & L formatters ----------------- - -By default, an integer constant is treated as an -`int <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Int>`_ with the attendant -limitations in values. To specify an integer constant with another -data type, follow it with: - - - - -- a 'u' or 'U' to force the constant into an unsigned data format. - Example: ``33u`` -- a 'l' or 'L' to force the constant into a long data format. - Example: ``100000L`` -- a 'ul' or 'UL' to force the constant into an unsigned long - constant. Example: ``32767ul`` - - - - - -See also --------- - - -- `constants <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Constants>`_ -- `#define <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Define>`_ -- `byte <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Byte>`_ -- `int <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Int>`_ -- `unsigned int <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/UnsignedInt>`_ -- `long <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/Long>`_ -- `unsigned long <http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/UnsignedLong>`_ - - |