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| -rw-r--r-- | source/adc.rst | 53 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/external-interrupts.rst | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/gpio.rst | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/hardware/maple-mini.rst | 342 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/index.rst | 6 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/lang/api/hardwarespi.rst | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/timers.rst | 16 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | source/usart.rst | 4 |
8 files changed, 396 insertions, 42 deletions
diff --git a/source/adc.rst b/source/adc.rst index f3d5f55..a749201 100644 --- a/source/adc.rst +++ b/source/adc.rst @@ -20,31 +20,42 @@ number of techniques must be used to get good precision and accuracy. Noise and Bias -------------- -.. FIXME [0.0.11, Maple form factor-specific] - -The biggest issues with analog-digital conversion are noise and bias. -With the Maple, we have tried to isolate the ADC pins and traces from -strong noise sources, but there are always trade--offs between noise, -additional functionality, cost, and package size. - -The 6 ADC pins in a bank (D15--D20) generally have the least -noise, and should be used for fine measurements. If the input voltage -changes relatively slowly, a number of samples can be taken in -succession and averaged together, or the same voltage can even be -sampled by multiple ADC pins at the same time. - -An important factor when taking a voltage reading is the reference -voltages that the sample is being compared against. In the case of the -Maple, the high reference is |vcc| and the low reference is ground. -This means that noise or fluctuations on either |vcc| or ground will -affect the measurement. It also means that the voltage you are trying -to sample must be between ground and 3.3V. +.. FIXME [0.0.12, Maple Native] + +The biggest issues with analog to digital conversion are noise and +bias. With the Maple line, we have tried to isolate the ADC pins and +traces from strong noise sources, but there are always trade-offs +between noise, additional functionality, cost, and package size. +We've tried to enable good analog performance by isolating as many ADC +pins as possible from digital noise on each board. + +More information on these isolated pins is available in each board's +hardware documentation: + +* :ref:`Maple <maple-adc-bank>` +* :ref:`Maple RET6 Edition <maple-ret6-adc-bank>` +* :ref:`Maple Mini <maple-mini-adc-bank>` + +.. :ref:`Maple Native <maple-native-adc-bank>` + +That said, there are a number of more general things you can do to try +to get good readings. If your input voltage changes relatively +slowly, a number of samples can be taken in succession and averaged +together, or the same voltage can even be sampled by multiple ADC pins +at the same time. + +Another important factor when taking a voltage reading is the +reference voltages that the sample is being compared against. In the +case of the Maple, the high reference is |vcc| and the low reference +is ground. This means that noise or fluctuations on either |vcc| or +ground will affect the measurement. It also means that the voltage you +are trying to sample must be between ground and 3.3 V. .. _adc-range: In the case of a variable reading, it is best if the voltage varies -over the entire range of 0--3.3V; otherwise, only a fraction of the -sensitivity is being leveraged. Some basic tools to accomplish this +over the entire range of 0 through 3.3 V; otherwise, only a fraction +of the sensitivity is being used. Some basic tools to accomplish this are `resistor dividers <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_divider>`_ and `Zener diodes <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_source#Zener_voltage_source>`_\ diff --git a/source/external-interrupts.rst b/source/external-interrupts.rst index ac065a4..ccb9afd 100644 --- a/source/external-interrupts.rst +++ b/source/external-interrupts.rst @@ -37,17 +37,20 @@ means that every pin on the Maple connects to what is called an *EXTI line*, and within an EXTI line, only one of the pins that connects to it can be used to detect external interrupts at a time. +.. TODO [0.0.12] Maple Native links + The EXTI Line Pin Map for your board lists which pins connect to which EXTI lines: * :ref:`Maple <maple-exti-map>` * :ref:`Maple RET6 Edition <maple-ret6-exti-map>` +* :ref:`Maple Mini <maple-mini-exti-map>` .. note:: - You should set the :ref:`pin mode <lang-pinmode>` of your - desired pin to an input mode (e.g ``INPUT`` or ``INPUT_FLOATING``, - ``INPUT_PULLUP``, ``INPUT_PULLDOWN``). + You should set the :ref:`pin mode <lang-pinmode>` of your desired + pin to an input mode (e.g. ``INPUT``, ``INPUT_PULLUP``, + ``INPUT_PULLDOWN``). Function Reference ------------------ diff --git a/source/gpio.rst b/source/gpio.rst index 74be3d4..64ad494 100644 --- a/source/gpio.rst +++ b/source/gpio.rst @@ -20,19 +20,19 @@ Pin Maps The hardware documentation for your board lists each pin's capabilities, by pin number: -.. TODO [0.1.0] Uncomment Mini and Native GPIO links +.. TODO [0.0.12] Native link * :ref:`Maple <maple-gpios>` * :ref:`Maple RET6 Edition <maple-ret6-gpios>` +* :ref:`Maple Mini <maple-mini-gpios>` -.. * :ref:`Maple Mini <maple-mini-gpios>` .. * :ref:`Maple Native <maple-native-gpios>` The current and voltage limitations were determined using the STM32 datasheets. In particular, only some GPIO pins are **5V tolerant**, which means that applying 5 volts to a pin and reading it as input or allowing it to drain to ground will not damage that pin. Connecting a -voltage higher than 3.3V to a non-5V tolerant pin may damage your +voltage higher than 3.3 V to a non-5 V tolerant pin may damage your board. .. _gpio-modes: diff --git a/source/hardware/maple-mini.rst b/source/hardware/maple-mini.rst index a8a4186..3e79ed0 100644 --- a/source/hardware/maple-mini.rst +++ b/source/hardware/maple-mini.rst @@ -1,6 +1,344 @@ -.. _hardware-maple-mini: +.. _maple-mini: Maple Mini ========== -Stub. +This page is a general resource for information specific to the Maple +Mini. The Maple Mini is a smaller version of the Maple that fits on a +breadboard. + +.. contents:: Contents + :local: + +.. TODO [dma.rst] Ref to dma.rst in sequel instead of libmaple-dma + +Technical Specifications +------------------------ + +* MCU: **STM32F103RCBT6**, a 32-bit ARM Cortex M3 microprocessor +* Clock Speed: **72 MHz** +* **128 KB Flash** and **20 KB SRAM** +* 34 Digital I/O Pins (:ref:`gpio`) +* 12 **PWM** pins at 16 bit resolution (:ref:`pwm`) +* 9 analog input pins, 12 bit **ADC** resolution (:ref:`adc`) +* 2 **SPI** peripherals (:ref:`spi`) +* 2 **I2C** peripherals (:ref:`i2c`) +* 7 Channels of Direct Memory Access (**DMA**) (:ref:`libmaple-dma`) +* 3 **USART** peripherals (:ref:`usart`) +* 1 advanced and 3 general-purpose **timers** (:ref:`timers`) +* Dedicated **USB** port for programming and communications (:ref:`usb`) +* **JTAG** (:ref:`jtag`) +* Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC) (including + :ref:`external interrupt <external-interrupts>` on GPIOs) +* Supplies up to 500 mA at 3.3 V, with :ref:`separate 250 mA digital + and analog regulators <maple-mini-adc-bank>` for low-noise analog + performance +* :ref:`Four layer design <maple-mini-hardware>` +* Support for low power, sleep, and standby modes (<500 μA) +* Operating Voltage: 3.3 V +* Input Voltage (recommended): 3 V — 12 V +* Dimensions: 2.02″ × 0.72″ + +.. _maple-mini-powering: + +Powering the Maple Mini +----------------------- + +You can power the Maple Mini via the USB plug or by powering Vin +directly. + +.. warning:: The silkscreen on the Maple Mini suggests it will accept + an input voltage up to 16 V. We recommend applying **no greater + than 12 V**. + + See :ref:`this erratum <maple-mini-vin>` for more information. + +.. _maple-mini-gpios: + +GPIO Information +---------------- + +The Maple Mini features 34 total input/output pins, numbered ``D0`` +through ``D33``. These numbers correspond to the numeric values next +to each header on the Maple Mini's silkscreen. However, some of them +have special uses by default [#fusedpins]_. + +.. _maple-mini-usb-pins: + +Pin ``D23`` is the :ref:`USB <usb>` D+ line, and ``D24`` is the USB D- +line. To use them as GPIOs, your program will need to :ref:`disable +SerialUSB <lang-serialusb-end>` first. Be aware, however, that +disabling SerialUSB means that the :ref:`bootloader <bootloader>` +won't work properly, and you'll need to use +:ref:`troubleshooting-perpetual-bootloader` to make your next upload. + +.. _maple-mini-but: + +Pin ``D32`` is the Mini's :ref:`button pin <lang-board-values-but>`. +It is thus mainly useful as an :ref:`input <lang-pin-levels>`. The +pin will :ref:`read <lang-digitalread>` ``HIGH`` when the :ref:`button +is pressed <lang-isbuttonpressed>`. + +.. _maple-mini-led: + +Pin ``D33`` is the Mini's :ref:`LED pin <lang-board-values-led>`. It +is thus mainly useful as an :ref:`output <lang-pin-levels>`. The LED +will glow when ``HIGH`` is :ref:`written <lang-digitalwrite>` to it. +(It also supports :ref:`pwm`, for finer-grained brightness control). + +.. TODO [0.1.0] silkscreen pictures which expand abbreviations + +.. _maple-mini-pin-map-master: + +Master Pin Map +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +This table shows a summary the available functionality on every GPIO +pin, by peripheral type. The "5 V?" column documents whether or not +the pin is 5 volt tolerant. + +.. csv-table:: + :header: Pin, :ref:`GPIO <gpio>`, :ref:`ADC <adc>`, :ref:`Timer <timers>`, :ref:`I2C <i2c>`, :ref:`UART <usart>`, :ref:`SPI <spi>`, 5 V? + + D0, PB11, -, -, 2_SDA, 3_RX, -, Yes + D1, PB10, -, -, 2_SCL, 3_TX, -, Yes + D2, PB2, -, -, -, -, -, Yes + D3, PB0, CH8, 3_CH3, -, -, -, - + D4, PA7, CH7, 3_CH2, -, -, 1_MOSI, - + D5, PA6, CH6, 3_CH1, -, -, 1_MISO, - + D6, PA5, CH5, -, -, -, 1_SCK, - + D7, PA4, CH4, -, -, 2_CK, 1_NSS, - + D8, PA3, CH3, 2_CH4, -, 2_RX, -, - + D9, PA2, CH2, 2_CH3, -, 2_TX, -, - + D10, PA1, CH1, 2_CH2, -, 2_RTS, -, - + D11, PA0, CH0, 2_CH1_ETR, -, 2_CTS, -, - + D12, PC15, -, -, -, -, -, - + D13, PC14, -, -, -, -, -, - + D14, PC13, -, -, -, -, -, - + D15, PB7, -, 4_CH2, 1_SDA, -, -, Yes + D16, PB6, -, 4_CH1, 2_SCL, -, -, Yes + D17, PB5, -, -, 1_SMBA, -, -, - + D18, PB4, -, -, -, -, -, Yes + D19, PB3, -, -, -, -, -, Yes + D20, PA15, -, -, -, -, -, Yes + D21, PA14, -, -, -, -, -, Yes + D22, PA13, -, -, -, -, -, Yes + D23, PA12, -, 1_ETR, -, 1_RTS, -, Yes + D24, PA11, -, 1_CH4, -, 1_CTS, -, Yes + D25, PA10, -, 1_CH3, -, 1_RX, -, Yes + D26, PA9, -, 1_CH2, -, 1_TX, -, Yes + D27, PA8, -, 1_CH1, -, 1_CK, -, Yes + D28, PB15, -, -, -, -, 2_MOSI, Yes + D29, PB14, -, -, -, 3_RTS, 2_MISO, Yes + D30, PB13, -, -, -, 3_CTS, 2_SCK, Yes + D31, PB12, -, 1_BKIN, 2_SMBA, 3_CK, 2_NSS, Yes + D32, PB8, -, 4_CH3, -, -, -, Yes + D33, PB1, CH9, 3_CH4, -, -, -, - + +.. _maple-mini-timer-map: + +Timer Pin Map +^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The following table shows what pins are associated with a particular +timer's capture/compare channels. + +.. csv-table:: + :header: Timer, Ch. 1, Ch. 2, Ch. 3, Ch. 4 + :delim: | + + 1 | D27 | D26 | D25 | D24 + 2 | D11 | D10 | D9 | D8 + 3 | D5 | D4 | D3 | :ref:`D33 <maple-mini-led>` + 4 | D16 | D15 | :ref:`D32 <maple-mini-but>` | + +.. _maple-mini-exti-map: + +EXTI Line Pin Map +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The following table shows which pins connect to which :ref:`EXTI lines +<external-interrupts-exti-line>` on the Maple. + +.. list-table:: + :widths: 1 1 + :header-rows: 1 + + * - EXTI Line + - Pins + * - EXTI0 + - 3, 11 + * - EXTI1 + - 10, 33 + * - EXTI2 + - 2, 9 + * - EXTI3 + - 8, 19 + * - EXTI4 + - 7, 18 + * - EXTI5 + - 6, 17 + * - EXTI6 + - 5, 16 + * - EXTI7 + - 4, 15 + * - EXTI8 + - 27, 32 + * - EXTI9 + - 26 + * - EXTI10 + - 1, 25 + * - EXTI11 + - 0, 24 + * - EXTI12 + - 23, 31 + * - EXTI13 + - 14, 22, 30 + * - EXTI14 + - 13, 21, 29 + * - EXTI15 + - 12, 20, 28 + +.. _maple-mini-usart-map: + +USART Pin Map +^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The Maple RET6 Edition has three serial ports whose pins are broken +out to headers (also known as :ref:`USARTs <usart>`). They communicate +using the pins summarized in the following table: + +.. csv-table:: + :header: Serial Port, TX, RX, CK, CTS, RTS + :delim: | + + ``Serial1`` | 26 | 25 | 27 | 24 | 23 + ``Serial2`` | 9 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 10 + ``Serial3`` | 1 | 0 | 31 | 30 | 29 + +.. _maple-mini-adc-bank: + +Low-Noise ADC Pins +^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +Analog input pins D4 — D11 on the Maple Mini generally offer +lower-noise ADC performance than D3. If you’re concerned about +getting good ADC readings, we recommend using one of these pins to +take your measurements. + +Maple Mini has an electrically isolated analog power plane with its +own regulator, and a geometrically isolated ground plane, connected to +the digital plane by an inductor. Pins D4 — D11 are laid out to +correspond with these analog planes, and our measurements indicate +that they generally have the lowest noise of all the analog lines. +However, analog performance may vary depending upon the activity of +the other GPIOs. Consult the :ref:`Maple Mini hardware design files +<maple-mini-hardware>` for more details. + +.. _maple-mini-board-values: + +Board-Specific Values +--------------------- + +This section lists the Maple Mini's :ref:`board-specific values +<lang-board-values>`. + +- ``CYCLES_PER_MICROSECOND``: 72 +- ``BOARD_BUTTON_PIN``: 32 +- ``BOARD_LED_PIN``: 33 +- ``BOARD_NR_GPIO_PINS``: 34 +- ``BOARD_NR_PWM_PINS``: 12 +- ``boardPWMPins``: 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 25, 26, 27 +- ``BOARD_NR_ADC_PINS``: 9 +- ``boardADCPins``: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 +- ``BOARD_NR_USED_PINS``: 4 +- ``boardUsedPins``: ``BOARD_LED_PIN``, ``BOARD_BUTTON_PIN``, 23, 24 + (23 and 24 are used by :ref:`USB <maple-mini-usb-pins>`) +- ``BOARD_NR_USARTS``: 3 +- ``BOARD_USART1_TX_PIN``: 26 +- ``BOARD_USART1_RX_PIN``: 25 +- ``BOARD_USART2_TX_PIN``: 9 +- ``BOARD_USART2_RX_PIN``: 8 +- ``BOARD_USART3_TX_PIN``: 1 +- ``BOARD_USART3_RX_PIN``: 0 +- ``BOARD_NR_SPI``: 2 +- ``BOARD_SPI1_NSS_PIN``: 7 +- ``BOARD_SPI1_MOSI_PIN``: 4 +- ``BOARD_SPI1_MISO_PIN``: 5 +- ``BOARD_SPI1_SCK_PIN``: 6 +- ``BOARD_SPI2_NSS_PIN``: 31 +- ``BOARD_SPI2_MOSI_PIN``: 28 +- ``BOARD_SPI2_MISO_PIN``: 29 +- ``BOARD_SPI2_SCK_PIN``: 30 +- ``BOARD_JTMS_SWDIO_PIN``: 22 +- ``BOARD_JTCK_SWCLK_PIN``: 21 +- ``BOARD_JTDI_PIN``: 20 +- ``BOARD_JTDO_PIN``: 19 +- ``BOARD_NJTRST_PIN``: 18 + +.. _maple-mini-hardware: + +Hardware Design Files +--------------------- + +The hardware schematics and board layout files are available in the +`Maple Mini GitHub repository <https://github.com/leaflabs/maplemini>`_ + +From the GitHub repository main page, you can download the entire +repository by clicking the "Download" button. If you are familiar +with `Git <http://git-scm.com/>`_, you can also clone the repository +at the command line with :: + + $ git clone git://github.com/leaflabs/maplemini.git + +Failure Modes +------------- + +The following known failure modes apply to all Maple boards. The +failure modes aren't design errors, but are easy ways to break or +damage your board permanently. + +* **High voltage on non-tolerant pins**: not all header pins are 5 V + compatible; so e.g. connecting certain serial devices in the wrong + way could over-voltage the pins. The :ref:`pin-mapping master table + <maple-mini-pin-map-master>` details which pins are 5 V-tolerant. + +Errata +------ + +This section lists known issues and warnings for the Maple Mini Rev 2 +(the first Rev sold to the public). + +.. _maple-mini-vin: + +* **Silkscreen Vin voltage mistake**: The silkscreen on the Maple Mini + falsely indicates that Vin may be supplied with up to 16 V. We + recommend an input voltage **no greater than 12 V**. + + The voltage regulator on the Mini is rated up to 16 V. However, our + tests indicate that as its input voltage approaches 16 V, its output + begins to rise to levels higher than those recommended by ST for + supplying the STM32F103CB. The limit of 12 V keeps the voltage + supplied to the processor at safe levels. + +Recommended Reading +------------------- + +STMicro documentation for STM32F103CB microcontroller: + +* `Datasheet + <http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/DATASHEET/CD00161566.pdf>`_ + (PDF); covers STM32F103x8, STM32F103xB. +* `Reference Manual RM0008 + <http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/REFERENCE_MANUAL/CD00171190.pdf>`_ + (PDF); general, definitive resource for STM32F1 line. +* `Programming Manual PM0056 + <http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/PROGRAMMING_MANUAL/CD00228163.pdf>`_ + (PDF); assembly language and register reference. +* `STM32F103CB <http://www.st.com/internet/mcu/product/189782.jsp>`_ + overview page with links to further references. + +.. rubric:: Footnotes + +.. [#fusedpins] See :ref:`boardUsedPins <lang-board-values-used-pins>` + for more information. diff --git a/source/index.rst b/source/index.rst index ce3985f..d17c4db 100644 --- a/source/index.rst +++ b/source/index.rst @@ -67,11 +67,7 @@ Have fun! hardware/maple.rst hardware/maple-ret6.rst + hardware/maple-mini.rst .. TODO write/include these upon Mini and Native release - -.. .. toctree:: -.. :hidden: - -.. hardware/maple-mini.rst .. hardware/maple-native.rst diff --git a/source/lang/api/hardwarespi.rst b/source/lang/api/hardwarespi.rst index a80e429..054d1a8 100644 --- a/source/lang/api/hardwarespi.rst +++ b/source/lang/api/hardwarespi.rst @@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ Turning the SPI Port On Now it's time to turn your SPI port on. Do this with the ``begin()`` function (an example is given below). -.. FIXME [0.0.11] Breathe doesn't include the class; fix & submit pull req +.. FIXME [Breathe] Output doesn't include the class; fix & submit pull req .. doxygenfunction:: HardwareSPI::begin diff --git a/source/timers.rst b/source/timers.rst index 403193f..e23579d 100644 --- a/source/timers.rst +++ b/source/timers.rst @@ -77,11 +77,17 @@ your program. PWM Conflicts ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ -Because PWM functionality on a given pin depends on -the configuration of the timer and channel, you must chose your -channels carefully if you want to use both timer interrupts and PWM in -the same program. Refer to your board's :ref:`Timer Pin Map -<gpio-pin-maps>` to match up timer channels and pin numbers. +Because PWM functionality on a given pin depends on the configuration +of the timer and channel, you must chose your channels carefully if +you want to use both timer interrupts and PWM in the same program. +Refer to your board's timer pin map to match up timer channels and pin +numbers: + +.. TODO [0.0.12] Native links + +* :ref:`Maple <maple-timer-map>` +* :ref:`Maple RET6 Edition <maple-ret6-timer-map>` +* :ref:`Maple Mini <maple-mini-timer-map>` Overhead ^^^^^^^^ diff --git a/source/usart.rst b/source/usart.rst index b3e1ea1..8766e3f 100644 --- a/source/usart.rst +++ b/source/usart.rst @@ -9,8 +9,7 @@ USART Hardware/Circuit Design ----------------------- -.. FIXME [0.0.12/Maple Native] UART4 and UART5, Native links -.. FIXME [0.0.11] Mini info and links +.. TODO [0.0.12/Maple Native] UART4 and UART5, Native links Each LeafLabs board has at least 3 separate USART devices. In the most simple use case, the RX and TX pins are used to send data at a @@ -24,6 +23,7 @@ available here: * :ref:`Maple <maple-usart-map>` * :ref:`Maple RET6 Edition <maple-ret6-usart-map>` +* :ref:`Maple Mini <maple-mini-usart-map>` If you use a particular serial port, you cannot also use its communication pins for other purposes at the same time. |