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authorPerry Hung <iperry@gmail.com>2011-01-24 23:23:29 -0500
committerPerry Hung <iperry@gmail.com>2011-01-24 23:23:29 -0500
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+.. _lang-keywords:
+
+Keywords
+========
+
+This page lists all of the C++ keywords, and either links to a
+reference page explaining their use, or provides a brief description.
+
+List of Keywords
+----------------
+
+The C++ keywords are:
+
+``and``, ``and_eq``, ``asm``, ``auto``, ``bitand``, ``bitor``,
+``bool``, ``break``, ``case``, ``catch``, ``char``, ``class``,
+``compl``, ``const``, ``const_cast``, ``continue``, ``default``,
+``delete``, ``do``, ``double``, ``dynamic_cast``, ``else``, ``enum``,
+``explicit``, ``export``, ``extern``, ``false``, ``float``, ``for``,
+``friend``, ``goto``, ``if``, ``inline``, ``int``, ``long``,
+``mutable``, ``namespace``, ``new``, ``not``, ``not_eq``,
+``operator``, ``or``, ``or_eq``, ``private``, ``protected``,
+``public``, ``register``, ``reinterpret_cast``, ``return``, ``short``,
+``signed``, ``sizeof``, ``static``, ``static_cast``, ``struct``,
+``switch``, ``template``, ``this``, ``throw``, ``true``, ``try``,
+``typedef``, ``typeid``, ``typename``, ``union``, ``unsigned``,
+``using``, ``virtual``, ``void``, ``volatile``, ``wchar_t``,
+``while``, ``xor``, ``xor_eq``
+
+Boolean Operator Synonyms
+-------------------------
+
+- ``and`` is a synonym for :ref:`&& <lang-boolean-and>`.
+- ``not`` is a synonym for :ref:`\! <lang-boolean-not>`.
+- ``not_eq`` is a synonym for :ref:`\!= <lang-comparison>`.
+- ``or`` is a synonym for :ref:`|| <lang-boolean-or>`.
+
+Bitwise Operator Synonyms
+-------------------------
+
+- ``and_eq`` is a synonym for :ref:`&= <lang-compoundbitwise-and>`.
+- ``bitand`` is a synonym for (bitwise) :ref:`& <lang-bitwisemath-and>`.
+- ``bitor`` is a synonym for :ref:`\| <lang-bitwisemath-or>`.
+- ``compl`` is a synonym for :ref:`~ <lang-bitwisemath-not>`.
+- ``or_eq`` is a synonym for :ref:`|= <lang-compoundbitwise-or>`.
+- ``xor`` is a synonym for :ref:`^ <lang-bitwisemath-xor>`.
+- ``xor_eq`` is a synonym for :ref:`^= <lang-compoundbitwise-xor>`.
+
+Constants
+---------
+
+- ``true`` and ``false`` are the :ref:`boolean constants
+ <lang-booleanvariables>`.
+
+Control Flow
+------------
+
+- ``break`` can exit out of a :ref:`switch statement
+ <lang-switchcase>` or a :ref:`for <lang-for>`, :ref:`do
+ <lang-dowhile>`, or :ref:`while <lang-while>` loop.
+
+- ``case`` defines alternatives in a :ref:`switch statement <lang-switchcase>`.
+
+- ``continue`` will move control flow to the next iteration of the
+ enclosing :ref:`for <lang-for>`, :ref:`do <lang-dowhile>`, or
+ :ref:`while <lang-while>` loop.
+
+- ``default`` defines the default alternative in a :ref:`switch
+ statement <lang-switchcase>`.
+
+- ``do`` introduces a :ref:`do <lang-dowhile>` loop.
+
+- ``else`` is used in :ref:`if statements <lang-if>`.
+
+- ``for`` introduces a :ref:`for <lang-for>` loop.
+
+- ``goto`` :ref:`jumps <lang-goto>` to a label.
+
+- ``if`` introduces an :ref:`if statement <lang-if>`.
+
+- ``return`` :ref:`transfers flow to a function's caller <lang-return>`.
+
+- ``switch`` introduces a :ref:`switch statement <lang-switchcase>`.
+
+- ``while`` introduces a :ref:`while <lang-while>` loop.
+
+Types
+-----
+
+The following keywords are used for built-in types.
+
+- :ref:`bool <lang-booleanvariables>`
+- :ref:`lang-char`
+- :ref:`lang-double`
+- :ref:`lang-float`
+- :ref:`lang-int`
+- :ref:`lang-long`
+- :ref:`short <lang-built-in-types-integral>`
+- :ref:`void <lang-void>` (not really a type, but used in the absence
+ of one)
+
+The following keywords are used to introduce new types.
+
+- :ref:`enum <lang-enum>`
+
+Qualifiers
+----------
+
+- :ref:`static <lang-static>` can be used to declare persistent local
+ variables; it has other uses not documented here.
+
+- ``unsigned`` is used to specify an unsigned integral type.
+ Examples: :ref:`lang-unsignedint`, :ref:`lang-unsignedchar`,
+ :ref:`lang-unsignedlong`.
+
+- :ref:`volatile <lang-volatile>` is useful when declaring variables
+ that may be modified by external interrupts.
+
+- :ref:`const <lang-const>` is used to define constants.
+
+Other
+-----
+
+These keywords are not described in the Maple documentation. For more
+information, consult a C++ reference.
+
+- ``asm`` is used to insert literal assembly language.
+
+- ``auto`` is used to declare that a variable has automatic storage.
+
+- ``catch`` is used in exception handling. Note that the default
+ flags we pass to :ref:`GCC <arm-gcc>` include ``-fno-exceptions``.
+
+- ``class`` is used to define classes.
+
+- ``const_cast`` is used in typecasting.
+
+- ``delete`` is used to free ``new``\ -allocated storage. Note that
+ dynamic memory allocation is not available by default on the Maple,
+ so you'll have to bring your own ``new`` and ``delete`` if you want
+ this.
+
+- ``dynamic_cast`` is used in typecasting.
+
+- ``explicit`` is used to declare constructors that can be called only
+ explicitly.
+
+- ``export`` declares a template definition accessible to other
+ compilation units.
+
+- ``extern`` can mark a declaration as a declaration and not a
+ definition, and also grant external linkage to a ``const`` or
+ ``typedef``.
+
+- ``friend`` is used to declare that certain functions have access to
+ a class's private variables.
+
+- ``inline`` is a compiler hint to inline a function.
+
+- ``mutable`` specifies that a member can be updated, even when a
+ member of a ``const`` object.
+
+- ``namespace`` declares a new namespace.
+
+- ``new`` dynamically allocates space for a value. Note that dynamic
+ memory allocation is not available by default on the Maple, so
+ you'll have to bring your own ``new`` and ``delete`` if you want
+ this.
+
+- ``operator`` is used to define type-specific operator overrides.
+
+- ``private`` declares a private class member.
+
+- ``protected`` declares a protected class member.
+
+- ``public`` declares a public class member.
+
+- ``register`` is a compiler hint to store a variable in a register.
+
+- ``reinterpret_cast`` is used in typecasting.
+
+- ``signed`` is the opposite of ``unsigned``.
+
+- ``static_cast`` is used in typecasting.
+
+- ``struct`` declares a new struct.
+
+- ``template`` introduces a template class, function, etc.
+
+- ``this`` is a pointer to the receiver object.
+
+- ``throw`` is used in exception handling. Note that the default
+ flags we pass to :ref:`GCC <arm-gcc>` include ``-fno-exceptions``.
+
+- ``try`` is used in exception handling. Note that the default
+ flags we pass to :ref:`GCC <arm-gcc>` include ``-fno-exceptions``.
+
+- ``typedef`` defines a type synonym.
+
+- ``union`` defines an untagged union.
+
+- ``using`` is a directive related to namespaces.
+
+- ``virtual`` declares a method which may be overridden.
+
+- ``wchar_t`` is the wide character type.