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diff --git a/electronics/soekris.page b/electronics/soekris.page index 2daf643..bd43739 100644 --- a/electronics/soekris.page +++ b/electronics/soekris.page @@ -1,192 +1,58 @@ -# Soekris net6051 Notes +Notes on the [Soekris net6501](http://soekris.com/products/net6501.html) +router; see also the [official +wiki](http://wiki.soekris.info/Category:Net6501). -http://soekris.com/products/net6501.html +# The Hardware -Intel 82574L gigabit ethernet controller +The onboad gigabit ethernet controllers are the [Intel +82574L](http://ark.intel.com/products/36920/Intel-82574IT-Gigabit-Ethernet-Controller), +which use the e1000e driver on linux (not e1000). -Firmware updates: http://soekris.com/downloads.html +More info about the Atom e6xx CPU and co-processor +[here](http://ark.intel.com/products/52493/Intel-Atom-Processor-E640-(512K-Cache-1_00-GHz)#iid=3796) +and +[here](http://www.intel.com/p/en_US/embedded/hwsw/hardware/atom-e6xx/overview). -Boot drives: +Firmware updates are available from the [soekris +website](http://soekris.com/downloads.html). -0x80 = primary drive -0x81 = secondary drive -0x82 = tertiary drive -0x83 = quaternary drive -0x84 = quinary drive (etc.) -0xF0 = PXE boot (netboot) -0xFF = stop and go to comBIOS prompt +The miniPCIe WiFi card I have for use with this device is the Intel 4965AGN. -1. SATA Port 0 (J1) -2. SATA Port 1 (J2) -3. PCI Express connector (J3) -4. PCI Express riser (J4) -5. mSATA 0 socket (J5) -6. mSATA 1 socket (J6) -7. external USB connector (JP3) -8. internal USB connector (JP5) +When specifying the boot device on the bootloader command line (accessible over +the serial port), the ordering is: -Ethernet chipset is Intel 82574L, using e1000e driver on linux (not e1000). + 0x80 = primary drive + 0x81 = secondary drive + 0x82 = tertiary drive + 0x83 = quaternary drive + 0x84 = quinary drive (etc.) + 0xF0 = PXE boot (netboot) + 0xFF = stop and go to comBIOS prompt -miniPCIe WiFi card I have is the Intel 4965AGN. +The connector ordering (labeled on the PCB) is: -Kernel needs ext2 and SATA ACHI (?) support at boot time to load root -filesystem. + 1. SATA Port 0 (J1) + 2. SATA Port 1 (J2) + 3. PCI Express connector (J3) + 4. PCI Express riser (J4) + 5. mSATA 0 socket (J5) + 6. mSATA 1 socket (J6) + 7. external USB connector (JP3) + 8. internal USB connector (JP5) -### OpenWRT installation +# Installing Debian wheezy on a SATA disk -http://wiki.openwrt.org/doku.php?id=oldwiki:soekrisport is out of date. Use -http://wiki.openwrt.org/toh/pcengines/alix +See old [debian 5.0 +directions](http://wiki.soekris.info/Installing_Debian_Linux_5.0) on the +Soekris wiki. -Eg, +The procedure is to boot from a debian stable USB stick, partition the SATA +disk and install stable on to that, then boot into the stable image and do a +distupgrade to testing (wheezy). - dd if=openwrt-x86-generic-combined-ext2.img of=/dev/sdc - -Then, use gparted to create another ext2 partition using unused space, and copy -over openwrt and pfSense images there. - -Change /boot/menu.lst to include: - - title OpenWrt - Stick - root (hd1,0) - kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sdb2 rootfstype=ext2 rootwait console=tty0 console=ttyS0,38400n8 noinitrd reboot=bios - boot - -[doesn't actually work...] - -scx200: NatSemi SCx200 Driver -microcode: CPU0 sig=0x20661, pf=0x2, revision=0x104 -Microcode Update Driver: v2.00 <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba -------------[ cut here ]------------ -WARNING: at arch/x86/mm/ioremap.c:148 0xc10199d8() -Modules linked in: -Pid: 1, comm: swapper Not tainted 2.6.32.27 #1 -Call Trace: - [<c10199d8>] ? 0xc10199d8 - [<c102271f>] ? 0xc102271f - [<c10199d8>] ? 0xc10199d8 - [<c1022763>] ? 0xc1022763 - - -Need to recompile a full image custom image a la: -http://superuser.com/questions/357401/how-to-install-openwrt-on-an-x86-computer-with-sata-hard-drive - -http://www.syslinux.org/wiki/index.php/SYSLINUX#SERIAL_port_.5B.5Bbaudrate.5D_flowcontrol.5D - -[this part does work] - -temporary re-install instructions for soekris device: - -boot up in debian - scp openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs.tar.gz openwrt-x86-generic-vmlinuz <debian> - mount /dev/sda4 /mnt - cd /mnt - tar xvf ~/openwrt-x86-generic-rootfs.tar.gz . - cp ~/openwrt-x86-generic-vmlinuz /mnt/boot/vmlinuz # CAREFUL! - cd - umount /mnt - -after boot up openwrt, for basic network config, edit /etc/config/network: - -# Copyright (C) 2006 OpenWrt.org - -config interface loopback - option ifname lo - option proto static - option ipaddr 127.0.0.1 - option netmask 255.0.0.0 - -config interface wan - option ifname eth0 - option proto dhcp - -config interface lan - option ifname eth1 - option type bridge - option proto static - option ipaddr 192.168.5.1 - option netmask 255.255.255.0 - -edit /etc/resolve.conf and add 8.8.8.8 (google) (or, just start dnsmasq?) - -edit /etc/opkg.conf, change fetch patch to x86_generic (not x86) - -then scp over all built .ipkgs, install build-essential (which means gcc, make, -binutils, patch, diffutils). - -Add /usr/local/bin to PATH: - - #.profile: PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin; export PATH - source ~/.profile - -copy crap over: - scp ./staging_dir/toolchain-i386_gcc-4.1.2_uClibc-0.9.30.1/lib/uclibc_nonshared.a root@192.168.5.1: - mv ~/uclibc_nonshared.a /usr/lib/ - -##### Recompiling openwrt kernel for LXC support - -To enable gcc et al in OpenWRT backfire: - http://www.pacificsimplicity.ca/comment/24#comment-24 - -Kernel flags (also network setup): - http://lxc.teegra.net/#_configuration_options - http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/LXC#Kernel_with_the_appropriate_LXC_options_enabled - -LXC userspace tools: - http://lxc.sourceforge.net/download/lxc/ - -So... this is all with backfire 10.03.1, kernel 2.6.32 or so - -in menuconfig, disable binary stripping (under global build settings). - -save and do: - $ ./scripts/feeds install -d m build-essential - -back in menuconfig, select devel/build-essentials as built-in (so don't need to -do package install). - -enable AHCI SATA support in kernel menu - -ended up just appending in kernel flags from above link to x86 kernel -configuration file. - -if you get errors making, try going single threaded. - -may need to apply this patch: - https://dev.openwrt.org/ticket/8646 - (apply to ./toolchain/gcc/patches/4.1.2/300-libstdc++-pic.patch) - -### Recompiling OpenWRT Attitude Adjustment for Soekris net6501 w/LXC - -make sure packages actually get updated and installed correctly - -disable stripping - -enable a bunch of stuff in menuconfig, including SATA support - -select gcc 4.7 (not some random "linaro 4.6" crap) - -if compiling build-essentials, might need: - - - bnewbold@ziggy:~/code/openwrt_trunk$ cat /home/bnewbold/code/openwrt_trunk/toolchain/gcc/patches/4.7.0/209-automake-bullshit.patch - --- a/config/override.m4 - +++ b/config/override.m4 - @@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ - - dnl Ensure exactly this Autoconf version is used - m4_ifndef([_GCC_AUTOCONF_VERSION], - - [m4_define([_GCC_AUTOCONF_VERSION], [2.64])]) - + [m4_define([_GCC_AUTOCONF_VERSION], [2.68])]) - - dnl Test for the exact version when AC_INIT is expanded. - dnl This allows to update the tree in steps (for testing) - -### Debian - -http://wiki.soekris.info/Installing_Debian_Linux_5.0 - -on syslinux device, edit txt.cfg: +To get the syslinux-based USB stick to boot correctly, need to edit +txt.cfg and set the console and partition settings: default install label install @@ -195,171 +61,69 @@ on syslinux device, edit txt.cfg: kernel linux append vga=normal initrd=initrd.gz -- quiet console=ttyS0,38400 earlyprint=serial,ttyS0,38400 -to enable pfsense as a boot option: - - menuentry 'pfsense' { - set root='(hd0,0)' - chainloader +1 - } - - menuentry 'openwrt' { - set root='(hd0,3)' - kernel /boot/vmlinuz root=/dev/sda4 rootfstype=ext2 init=/etc/preinit rootwait console=tty0 console=ttyS0,38400n8 noinitrd reboot=bios - } - - -### pfSense [DID NOT WORK] - -Install to flash stick with: - - dd if=pfSense-memstick-2.0.1-RELEASE-i386.img of=/dev/sdc - -Plug in stick, boot up through comBIOS, then change console to 9600 8N1. Try to -boot from default. You should get through most of the kernel load, then get to -a mount error and console. DON'T press return or it will try to configure; -enter "?" then return to list devices. I saw only one device (ad4?) and -mounted that with ufs, then had a second mount error come up and did -ufs:ufs/pfsense0 (or was it pfsense1?). This finally worked and I went through -some business with LAN/WAN port configuration and finally was good to go. - -When booting from disk: - - Setting up embedded specific environment... done. - ad4: TIMEOUT - READ_MUL retrying (1 retry left) LBA=788719 - ad4: TIMEOUT - READ_MUL retrying (0 retries left) LBA=788719 - ad4: FAILURE - READ_MUL timed out LBA=788719 - g_vfs_done():ufs/pfsense0[READ(offset=403783680, length=18944)]error = 5 - vnode_pager_getpages: I/O read error - /etc/rc: /usr/sbin/pwd_mkdb: Input/output error - -### pfSense - -forum thread on getting linux stuff working: http://www.digipedia.pl/usenet/thread/13078/936/ - -use random memstick-serial image found on the internet; dd it to USB stick and -boot. don't go to installer mode, continue to livecd then SSH in to get a -much better interface. - -go through the install, partition with at least one extra linux partition (to -run the VM in), use the "embeded" kernel when that option comes up. - -in base install, get packages like: +# Installing pfSense on a SATA disk -env PACKAGESITE=ftp://ftp6.jp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-8.1-release/Latest/ pkg_add -r screen +*See also [FreeBSD 8 on Soekris +net6501](http://www.macfreek.nl/memory/FreeBSD_9_on_Soekris_net6501)* -or, eg: - - pkg_add -r http://ftp-archive.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD-Archive/old-releases/i386/8.1-RELEASE/packages/Latest/ezjail.tbz +These directions assume your host/work machine is linux and that you have a +serial console connection to the soekris (eg, USB adapter and minicom). -but we need to use developer edition (FreeBSD 8.3 when written), so do an -upgrade through the web UI to the developer snapshot. +Grab a "memstick-serial" snapshot image from +[snapshots.pfsense.org](http://snapshots.pfsense.org/FreeBSD_RELENG_8_3/i386/pfSense_HEAD/livecd_installer/?C=M;O=D), +flash it to a USB stick: -install some random packages (PACKAGESITE trick no longer necessary) - - http://forum.pfsense.org/index.php/topic,25331.5/wap2.html - -[DON'T DO THIS PART] - - copy over lin*.ko from a FreeBSD .iso to /boot/kernel/ - - add to /boot/loader.conf.local: - - verbose_loading="YES" - linux_load="YES" - linprocfs_load="YES" - linux_enable="YES" -[/DON'T DO THIS PART] - -copy over all the libraries required for sysinstall from FreeBSD 8.3 .iso (try -ldd /usr/sbin/sysinstall to get a list): - - scp libdialog* libncurses* libutil* libftpio* libdevinfo* root@192.168.1.1:/usr/lib/ - scp sysinstall root@192.168.1.1:sysinstall8 - -run sysinstall. do options and set "Release Name 8.3-RELEASE" (not -p3). -install system source (/src/sys) and ports collection. - -then install base, though this could break everything (?) - -go to /usr/src/sys/modules. for each of the following, enter and make && make install: - - linux - linprocfs - fdescfs - linsysfs - tmpfs - ext2fs - -Things didn't work after a reboot. As a recovery, I grabbed the pfsense trunk -repository and copied over all the files in /etc/ and /boot/ which were -DIFFERENT between that and the FreeBSD-base install. - -Unfortunately, I seem to have acquired the READ_MUL problem again, blech. This -did get me to boot. I had to override the DNS info (add 8.8.8.8 to -/etc/resolv.conf), but was then able to invoke an auto-update through the web -interface. - -note: on this hardware, booting from soekris, takes about a minute to boot. -could shave 10-15 seconds optimizing comBIOS and selection menu, but can -freebsd boot be enhanced? - -### Debian/kFreeBSD Inside - -http://blog.vx.sk/archives/22-Tutorial-Debian-GNUkFreeBSD-in-a-FreeBSD-jail.html - -http://phaq.phunsites.net/2007/01/06/debian-gnukfreebsd-inside-native-freebsd-jail/ - - -### Install pfSense on Soekris - -Grab a "memstick-serial" image, flash it to a USB stick: - - http://snapshots.pfsense.org/FreeBSD_RELENG_8_3/i386/pfSense_HEAD/livecd_installer/?C=M;O=D $ dd if=pfSense-memstick-serial-2.1-DEVELOPMENT-i386-20120720-0129.img of=/dev/sdb -Boot with serial console set to 38400 baud, select USB stick device. Eg, +Boot with serial console set to 38400 baud. In the soekris bootloader, select +USB stick device: > boot 81 -Switch to 9600 baud. Terminal output will be clunky/garbled, wait for it to try -to draw, maybe press enter a couple times. When kernel actually loads output -will be clearer. +Switch serial console to 9600 baud. Terminal output from the pfSense bootloader +will be clunky/garbled, wait for it to try to draw, maybe press enter a couple +times. When the kernel actually loads the output will be clearer. After kernel loads, system will ask if you want to do install or boot. -Recommend that you boot, with basic configuration, then enable SSH and do -install over a network shell as ncurses will be much cleaner. +I recommend that you do a boot, with basic configuration, then enable SSH and +complete the installation over a network session, as the ncurses installer +interface will be much easier to read. You can enable SSH and start the +installer from the terminal prompt that appears on every terminal session. -Hopefully install is self-explanitory. I created a 4GB "low-level"/slice +Hopefully the install is self-explanitory. I created a 4GB "low-level"/slice partition for pfSense (which got split into a 3GB partition and a 1GB swap partition), a 16GB Linux/ext2 kFreeBSD partition (didn't create filesystem -yet), and the rest of the space as another Linux/ext2 partition. +yet), and the rest of the space as another Linux/ext2 partition; depending on +your use case and disk type you probably want to do something different. I +selected embedded kernel. -I selected embedded kernel. +## Install kFreeBSD in pfSense -### Install kFreeBSD in pfSense +To get debian/kFreeBSD running in a jail within pfSense, first the pfSense +userland needs to be updated to a full FreeBSD 8.3 install. -First, we'll upgrade the pfSense install to include the full FreeBSD userspace. +Starting from a functional pfSense 2.1 install, login to the web console and +enable SSH access. We will copy over sysinstall and dependancies from a FreeBSD +8.3 LiveCD. From this point on DO NOT reboot until the end. -Use a 2.1 development image (based on FreeBSD 8.3), but not the most recent -one. Login to the web console and enable SSH access. - -scp over sysinstall and required libraries from a FreeBSD 8.3 LiveCD. From this -point on DO NOT reboot until the end. - -Copy over all the libraries required for sysinstall from FreeBSD 8.3 .iso (try -ldd /usr/sbin/sysinstall to get a list): +Mount and copy over all the libraries required for sysinstall from FreeBSD 8.3 +.iso (try ldd /usr/sbin/sysinstall to get a list): scp libdialog* libncurses* libutil* libftpio* libdevinfo* root@192.168.1.1:/usr/lib/ scp sysinstall root@192.168.1.1:sysinstall8 -Run sysinstall. do options and set "Release Name 8.3-RELEASE" (not -p3). -Install base, ports collection, and system kernel source (/src/sys). +Run this sysinstall. Go to options and set "Release Name 8.3-RELEASE" (not +-p3). Install the base, ports collection, and system kernel source (/src/sys). -Use the pfSense webconsole to upgrade to the most recent development image. +Before rebooting, use the pfSense web interface to upgrade to the most recent +development image; this will revert to the pfSense version of the kernel and +configuration, but doesn't remove the vanilla FreeBSD userland stuff. Now, reboot and hope everything comes back up with no disk errors. -Go to /usr/src/sys/modules. for each of the following, enter and make && make install: +A few modules need to be installed to support kFreeBSD. Go to +/usr/src/sys/modules, and for each of the following, enter the directory and +make && make install: linux linprocfs @@ -368,38 +132,30 @@ Go to /usr/src/sys/modules. for each of the following, enter and make && make in tmpfs ext2fs -Use sysintall to install the full "base" system and kernel sources. - -Compile and install necessary kernel modules. - -pkg_add -r any desired packages. Maybe also a linux_base? +``pkg_add -r`` any desired packages. I also installed a linux_base, not sure if +it was necessary: pkg_add -r linux_base-f10 -Inspect /boot/loader.conf and make sure it's sane? +Inspect /boot/loader.conf and make sure it's sane (?). -Reboot again and hope everything comes back up with no disk errors. If it -does, ready for jail steps. +Reboot again and hope everything comes back up with no disk errors. Then we are +ready for jail configuration. -create a linux ext2 filesystem: +If you want the jail filesystem to be on a seperate partition, create a linux +ext2 filesystem: pkg_add -r e2fsprogs mke2fs /dev/ad6s2 mount -t ext2fs /dev/ad6s2 /jail/debian/ -FINALLY, following directions, do: -http://blog.vx.sk/archives/22-Tutorial-Debian-GNUkFreeBSD-in-a-FreeBSD-jail.html +Following directions from +[blog.vx.sk](http://blog.vx.sk/archives/22-Tutorial-Debian-GNUkFreeBSD-in-a-FreeBSD-jail.html): mkdir -p /jail/debian debootstrap wheezy /jail/debian http://cdn.debian.net/debian - [2.1-BETA0][root@rooter0.rooter.is]/usr/src/sys/modules/tmpfs(42): jexec 1 /bin/bash - root@debian0:/# uname -a - GNU/kFreeBSD debian0.rooter.is 8.3-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD 8.3-RELEASE-p3 #1: Wed Jul 18 19:29:09 EDT 2012 root@FreeBSD_8.3_pfSense_2.1.snaps.pfsense.org:/usr/obj./usr/pfSensesrc/src/sys/pfSense_wrap.8.i386 i386 i386 Genuine Intel(R) CPU @ 1.00GHz GNU/kFreeBSD - -Alright, after all that, some more config... - -Add the iperf and pfJailCtl packages. +The probably took a long time. Add rc.conf.debian to /root/: @@ -412,7 +168,7 @@ Add rc.conf.debian to /root/: jail_debian_exec_start="/etc/init.d/rc 3" jail_debian_flags="-l -u root" -Add start_debian.sh to /root/: +Add start_debian.sh to /root/ to get the jail up and running: #/bin/sh kldload linux fdescfs linprocfs linsysfs tmpfs @@ -425,65 +181,15 @@ Add start_debian.sh to /root/: /etc/rc.d/jail start debian jls -### More config - -To allow ping inside kFreeBSD, add "security.jail.allow_raw_sockets=1" to -/etc/sysctl.conf. - -### PROBLEMS/EXTRA? - -http://wiki.freebsd.org/Jails - -Jul 22 18:00:02 syslogd: /var/log/ppp.log: Operation not suppe - -If you want to use shared memory in Linux applications, you need to set up -a link from /dev/shm to a suitable place, e.g. by adding the following line -to /etc/devfs.conf (takes effect on each boot): - link /tmp shm - -To make use of NIS you have to adjust yp.conf and nsswitch.conf in -/compat/linux/etc/ accordingly. For example: +Run that script, then try running bash in the jail: -Set your yp-server and yp-domainname in yp.conf: - domainname my.yp.domainname - ypserver my.yp.server - -Let your lists for hosts, passwd and group be resolved via nsswitch.conf: - passwd: files nis - shadow: files nis - group: files nis - hosts: files dns nis - -WARNING: doing work which needs to chroot into the linux base may not work. -In such cases (e.g. cross-development) you are better suited with a linux_dist -port. - -# Links - -http://www.macfreek.nl/memory/FreeBSD_9_on_Soekris_net6501 - -http://blog.vx.sk/archives/22-Tutorial-Debian-GNUkFreeBSD-in-a-FreeBSD-jail.html - -"m0n0deb" and how monowall got small: - http://www.docunext.com/blog/2007/07/m0n0deb.html - -### LXC package notes - -edited package/lxc/Makefile - -did package update/install on just lxc - -### ERRORS (for reference) - -gcc wanted GMP? + [2.1-BETA0][root@rooter0.rooter.is]/usr/src/sys/modules/tmpfs(42): jexec 1 /bin/bash + root@debian0:/# uname -a + GNU/kFreeBSD debian0.rooter.is 8.3-RELEASE-p3 FreeBSD 8.3-RELEASE-p3 #1: Wed Jul 18 19:29:09 EDT 2012 root@FreeBSD_8.3_pfSense_2.1.snaps.pfsense.org:/usr/obj./usr/pfSensesrc/src/sys/pfSense_wrap.8.i386 i386 i386 Genuine Intel(R) CPU @ 1.00GHz GNU/kFreeBSD -i486-openwrt-linux-uclibc-gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I../../src -I/home/bnewbold/code/openwrt_trunk/staging_dir/target-i386_uClibc-0.9.33.2/usr/include -I/home/bnewbold/code/openwrt_trunk/staging_dir/target-i386_uClibc-0.9.33.2/include -I/home/bnewbold/code/openwrt_trunk/staging_dir/toolchain-i386_gcc-4.7.0_uClibc-0.9.33.2/usr/include -I/home/bnewbold/code/openwrt_trunk/staging_dir/toolchain-i386_gcc-4.7.0_uClibc-0.9.33.2/include -fPIC -DPIC -I../../src -O2 -pipe -march=i486 -fno-caller-saves -fhonour-copts -Wno-error=unused-but-set-variable -MT liblxc_so-utmp.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/liblxc_so-utmp.Tpo -c -o liblxc_so-utmp.o `test -f 'utmp.c' || echo './'`utmp.c -utmp.c:41:19: fatal error: utmpx.h: No such file or directory -compilation terminated. +Horray! +To allow ping from inside kFreeBSD, add "security.jail.allow_raw_sockets=1" to +/etc/sysctl.conf in pfSense. There are some other tips and gotchas on the +[FreeBSD wiki](http://wiki.freebsd.org/Jails). -====== -attr makefile and patch -lxc makefile -install perl, file, vim -debootstrap --arch=i386 wheezy /lxc/debian/ http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian |