{% trans %}See also: About Scholarly Search{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}This service provides fulltext searching over research publications archived in Internet Archive's various collections. It includes content from the natural sciences, humanities, biomedicine, art, history, industrial research, government reports, and more.{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}Reader access to the content is provided when possible. Sometimes this access is to a "pre-print" or other version of the work, and this is indicated in the search results.{% endtrans %} {% trans %}In other cases, depending on search filters, results are included for which there is only a bibliographic catalog entry. It may still be possible to obtain access through a public library or from the publisher directly.{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}In addition to the basic filtering and sorting options, this search
interface also allows the use of Lucene query syntax in the search box. You can
restrict term queries on multiple metadata fields using colon statements like
journal:Science, set filters like lang:de, and
apply range queries like year:>1989 year:<2000.{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}While this syntax allows for relatively complex and powerful queries, at some point advanced users may run into limits on the size or complexity of queries.{% endtrans %} {% trans %}For the time being we recommend systems like lens.org for a more powerful interface.{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}Search for digitized pages about a topic from specific years:{% endtrans %} {{ example_search_box('"egyptian pyramid" access_type:ia_sim year:<2000') }}
{% trans %}Search for papers in Chinese matching a term:{% endtrans %} {{ example_search_box('lang:zh 临床表现多样') }}
{% trans %}Conference papers with an author name query:{% endtrans %} {{ example_search_box('type:paper-conference author:"natasha noy"') }}
{% trans %}As an experimental feature, if the search query "looks like" a formal citation, as found in the bibliography of a research paper, the service will attempt to parse the citation and do a match against our catalog of known works. When this happens, any filters are ignored.{% endtrans %} {{ example_search_box('Spertus, Ellen. "ParaSite: Mining structural information on the Web." Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 29.8-13 (1997): 1205-1215.') }}
{% trans %}You can restrict to records where the field exists with an asterisk like doi:*, and negate any term like !type:article-journal.{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}In-depth documentation of the query syntax is available from the Elasticsearch project.{% endtrans %}
{% trans %}The complete current search document schema is available (as JSON) in the source code.{% endtrans %}
| title: | |
| author: | |
| journal: | |
| year: | |
| issue: | |
| volume: | |
| doi: | |
| tag: | eg, "tag:oa" |
| type: | eg, "article-journal", "dataset", "book" |
| stage: | eg, "published", "submitted", "accepted", "draft" |
| lang; | value is a 2-character lower-case ISO lanuage code) |
| country: | value is a 2-character lower-case ISO country code |
| access_type: | "wayback", "ia_file", "ia_sim" |
| {{ search_macros.ia_access_button({'access_type': 'wayback', 'access_url': '#', 'file_mimetype': 'application/pdf'}) }} | {% trans %}All Internet Archive preservation copy links have the same style and icon. Content from the Wayback Machine looks like this.{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.ia_access_button({'access_type': 'wayback', 'access_url': '#', 'file_mimetype': 'text/html'}, other_version='123') }} | {% trans %}If the preserved copy of the work is from a pre-print, author manuscript, or other alternative version of the work, the access link has an indicator. You can get details and view all versions by clicking on the primary title link{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.ia_access_button({'access_type': 'ia_file', 'access_url': '#', 'file_mimetype': 'application/pdf'}) }} | {% trans %}Some preserved content, particularly older Public Domain works, may be stored in general Internet Archive digital collections (as opposed to the web archive){% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.ia_access_button({'access_type': 'ia_sim', 'access_url': '#'}) }} | {% trans %}Digitized copies of works on microfilm may be linked to experimentally. Access may be limited to controlled lending{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.doi_access_button({'biblio': {'doi': '#'}}, is_oa=False) }} | {% trans %}A publisher landing page is the authoritative source for the "version of record" of a research publication, but content is not always accessible to the general public{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.doi_access_button({'biblio': {'doi': '#'}}, is_oa=True) }} | {% trans %}When the work is from an Open Access publication (sometimes known as "Gold" or "Diamond" OA), and the publisher is expected to provide access to all readers, the button has an orange "unlocked" icon{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.platform_access_button({'arxiv_id': '#'}) }} | {% trans %}If the work is archived in full on a reliable, open platform, we will sometimes provide additional links{% endtrans %} |
{% trans %}Search results may have tag labels which provide additional context about the work. For example, indexes the journal is included in, or open platform technology used for publications.{% endtrans %}
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('multiple-versions') }} | {% trans %}There are multiple released "versions" or "editions" of this work, and bibliographic metadata for the "primary" is being shown. Click the title to see other versions{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('lang:en') }} | {% trans %}The primary language of this work is different from the search interface language. The ISO two-letter language code is indicated{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('doaj') }} | {% trans %}Published in a Directory of Open Access Journals publication, which implies that this is an Open Access work{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('szczepanski') }} | {% trans %}Publication indexed in Szczepanski's List of Open Access Journals, which implies that this is an Open Access work{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('oa') }} | {% trans %}The work is believed to be "Open Access" for any other reason{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('scielo') }} | {% trans %}Published on a SciELO national platform{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('ojs') }} | {% trans %}Published using Open Journal Systems software{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('wordpress') }} | {% trans %}Published using WordPress software{% endtrans %} |
| {{ search_macros.tag_label('jstor') }} | {% trans %}Preserved and/or hosted on the JSTOR digital preservation platform{% endtrans %} |
{% trans %}Underneath search results, and alternate version listings, are any known "persistent identifiers" that uniquely identify the specific version of the work. These are usually hyperlinks.{% endtrans %}
| doi: | {% trans %}Digital Object Identifier (DOI), provides a redirect to the publisher's landing page{% endtrans %} |
| pmid: | {% trans %}PubMed/MEDLINE{% endtrans %} |
| pmcid: | {% trans %}PubMed Central{% endtrans %} |
| arxiv: | {% trans %}arXiv pre-print service{% endtrans %} |
| dblp: | {% trans %}The DBLP Computer Science Bibliography{% endtrans %} |
| doaj: | {% trans %}Article-level identifier for works in DOAJ, particularly those with no DOI{% endtrans %} |
| fatcat: | {% trans %}fatcat.wiki "release" identifier. Scholar is built on top of the fatcat catalog{% endtrans %} |
{% trans %}Some known bugs and issues:{% endtrans %}