# These come directly the Modelica 3.3 Spec, Appendix B

## B.1 Lexical Convetions

IDENT = NONDIGIT { DIGIT | NONDIGIT } | Q-IDENT
Q-IDENT = "’" ( Q-CHAR | S-ESCAPE ) { Q-CHAR | S-ESCAPE } "’"
NONDIGIT = "_" | letters "a" to "z" | letters "A" to "Z"
STRING = """ { S-CHAR | S-ESCAPE } """
S-CHAR = any member of the Unicode character set (http://www.unicode.org; see Section 13.2.2 for storing as UTF-8 on files) except double-quote """, and backslash "\"
Q-CHAR = NONDIGIT | DIGIT | "!" | "#" | "$" | "%" | "&" | "(" | ")" | "*" | "+" | "," | "-" | "." | "/" | ":" | ";" | "<" | ">" | "=" | "?" | "@" | "[" | "]" | "^" | "{" | "}" | "|" | "~" | " "
S-ESCAPE = "\’" | "\"" | "\?" | "\\" | "\a" | "\b" | "\f" | "\n" | "\r" | "\t" | "\v"
DIGIT = "0" | "1" | "2" | "3" | "4" | "5" | "6" | "7" | "8" | "9"
UNSIGNED_INTEGER = DIGIT { DIGIT }
UNSIGNED_NUMBER = UNSIGNED_INTEGER [ "." [ UNSIGNED_INTEGER ] ] [ ( "e" | "E" ) [ "+" | "-" ] UNSIGNED_INTEGER ]

## B.2 Grammar

### B.2.1 

stored_definition:
    [ within [ name ] ";" ]
    { [ final ] class_definition ";" }

### B.2.2 Class Definition

class_definition :
    [ encapsulated ] class_prefixes
    class_specifier

class_prefixes :
    [ partial ]
    ( class | model | [ operator ] record | block | [ expandable ] connector | type |
    package | [ ( pure | impure ) ] [ operator ] function | operator )

class_specifier :
    long_class_specifier | short_class_specifier | der_class_specifier

long_class_specifier :
    IDENT string_comment composition end IDENT
    | extends IDENT [ class_modification ] string_comment composition
              end IDENT

short_class_specifier :
    IDENT "=" base_prefix name [ array_subscripts ]
    [ class_modification ] comment
    | IDENT "=" enumeration "(" ( [enum_list] | ":" ) ")" comment

der_class_specifier :
    IDENT "=" der "(" name "," IDENT { "," IDENT } ")" comment

base_prefix :
    type_prefix

enum_list :
    enumeration_literal { "," enumeration_literal}

enumeration_literal :
    IDENT comment

composition :
    element_list
    { public element_list |
    protected element_list |
    equation_section |
    algorithm_section
    }
    [ external [ language_specification ]
    [ external_function_call ] [ annotation ] ";" ]
    [ annotation ";" ]

language_specification :
    STRING

external_function_call :
    [ component_reference "=" ]
    IDENT "(" [ expression_list ] ")"

element_list :
    { element ";" }

element :
    import_clause |
    extends_clause |
    [ redeclare ]
    [ final ]
    [ inner ] [ outer ]
    ( ( class_definition | component_clause) |
    replaceable ( class_definition | component_clause)
    [constraining_clause comment])

import_clause :
    import ( IDENT "=" name | name ["." ( "*" | "{" import_list "}" ) ] ) comment

import_list :
    IDENT { "," IDENT }

### B.2.3 Extends

extends_clause :
    extends name [ class_modification ] [annotation]

constraining_clause :
    constrainedby name [ class_modification ]

### B.2.4 Component Clause

component_clause:
    type_prefix type_specifier [ array_subscripts ] component_list
    type_prefix :
    [ flow | stream ]
    [ discrete | parameter | constant ] [ input | output ]

type_specifier :
    name

component_list :
    component_declaration { "," component_declaration }

component_declaration :
    declaration [ condition_attribute ] comment

condition_attribute:
    if expression

declaration :
    IDENT [ array_subscripts ] [ modification ]

### B.2.5 Modification

modification :
    class_modification [ "=" expression ]
    | "=" expression
    | ":=" expression

class_modification :
    "(" [ argument_list ] ")"

argument_list :
    argument { "," argument }

argument :
    element_modification_or_replaceable
    | element_redeclaration
    element_modification_or_replaceable:
    [ each ] [ final ] ( element_modification | element_replaceable)

element_modification :
    name [ modification ] string_comment

element_redeclaration :
    redeclare [ each ] [ final ]
    ( ( short_class_definition | component_clause1) | element_replaceable )

element_replaceable:
    replaceable ( short_class_definition | component_clause1)
    [constraining_clause]

component_clause1 :
    type_prefix type_specifier component_declaration1

component_declaration1 :
    declaration comment

short_class_definition :
    class_prefixes short_class_specifier

### B.2.6 Equations

equation_section :
    [ initial ] equation { equation ";" }

algorithm_section :
    [ initial ] algorithm { statement ";" }

equation :
    ( simple_expression "=" expression
    | if_equation
    | for_equation
    | connect_clause
    | when_equation
    | name function_call_args )
    comment

statement :
    ( component_reference ( ":=" expression | function_call_args )
    | "(" output_expression_list ")" ":=" component_reference function_call_args
    | break
    | return
    | if_statement
    | for_statement
    | while_statement
    | when_statement )
    comment

if_equation :
    if expression then
      { equation ";" }
    { elseif expression then
      { equation ";" }
    }
    [ else
      { equation ";" }
    ]
    end if

if_statement :
    if expression then
    { statement ";" }
    { elseif expression then
    { statement ";" }
    }
    [ else
      { statement ";" }
    ]
    end if

for_equation :
    for for_indices loop
    { equation ";" }
    end for

for_statement :
    for for_indices loop
    { statement ";" }
    end for

for_indices :
    for_index {"," for_index}

for_index:
    IDENT [ in expression ]
    while_statement :
    while expression loop
    { statement ";" }
    end while

when_equation :
    when expression then
    { equation ";" }
    { elsewhen expression then
    { equation ";" } }
    end when

when_statement :
    when expression then
    { statement ";" }
    { elsewhen expression then
    { statement ";" } }
    end when

connect_clause :
    connect "(" component_reference "," component_reference ")"

### B.2.7 Expressions

expression :
    simple_expression
    | if expression then expression { elseif expression then expression }
    else expression

simple_expression :
    logical_expression [ ":" logical_expression [ ":" logical_expression ] ]

logical_expression :
    logical_term { or logical_term }

logical_term :
    logical_factor { and logical_factor }

logical_factor :
    [ not ] relation

relation :
    arithmetic_expression [ rel_op arithmetic_expression ]

rel_op :
    "<" | "<=" | ">" | ">=" | "==" | "<>"

arithmetic_expression :
    [ add_op ] term { add_op term }

add_op :
    "+" | "-" | ".+" | ".-"

term :
    factor { mul_op factor }

mul_op :
    "*" | "/" | ".*" | "./"

factor :
    primary [ ("^" | ".^") primary ]

primary :
    UNSIGNED_NUMBER
    | STRING
    | false
    | true
    | ( name | der | initial ) function_call_args
    | component_reference
    | "(" output_expression_list ")"
    | "[" expression_list { ";" expression_list } "]"
    | "{" function_arguments "}"
    | end

name :
    [ "." ] IDENT { "." IDENT }

component_reference :
    [ "." ] IDENT [ array_subscripts ] { "." IDENT [ array_subscripts ] }

function_call_args :
    "(" [ function_arguments ] ")"
    function_arguments :
    function_argument [ "," function_arguments | for for_indices ]
    | named_arguments

named_arguments:
    named_argument [ "," named_arguments ]

named_argument:
    IDENT "=" function_argument

function_argument :
    function name "(" [ named_arguments ] ")" | expression

output_expression_list:
    [ expression ] { "," [ expression ] }

expression_list :
    expression { "," expression }

array_subscripts :
    "[" subscript { "," subscript } "]"

subscript :
    ":" | expression

comment :
    string_comment [ annotation ]

string_comment :
    [ STRING { "+" STRING } ]

annotation :
    annotation class_modification