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authorbnewbold <bnewbold@robocracy.org>2017-09-30 21:08:24 -0700
committerbnewbold <bnewbold@robocracy.org>2017-09-30 21:08:24 -0700
commitf6c7f43ffce4339ae7a73a556c97e4017438271c (patch)
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parent5b9462ee13737892c100418f7bd90db2657884e3 (diff)
downloadknowledge-f6c7f43ffce4339ae7a73a556c97e4017438271c.tar.gz
knowledge-f6c7f43ffce4339ae7a73a556c97e4017438271c.zip
debian maintaining notes
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+---
+format: markdown
+title: Debian Maintainership
+...
+
+## Reference
+
+- [Official Policy Manual]([https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/):
+ basically a style guide for how software should be packaged and how a Debian
+ operating system should work.
+- [Packaging Tutorial](https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/packaging-tutorial/packaging-tutorial.en.pdf):
+ this was a great getting-started resource for me: what files under `debian/`
+ do what, what automated tooling exists, how packaging has changed over time,
+ etc. "Hands on".
+
+## Developer Machine Setup
+
+Install pacakges:
+
+ sudo apt install build-essential ccache cdbs cowbuilder debhelper \
+ devscripts dgit dh-make distcc fakeroot git-buildpackage lintian \
+ pbuilder quilt sbuild schroot svn-buildpackage wdiff piuparts
+
+I set the following user-wide environment variables:
+
+ QUILT_PATCHES="debian/patches"
+ DH_VERBOSE=1
+ DEB_BUILD_MAINT_OPTIONS="hardening=+all"
+ DEBFULLNAME=""
+ DEBEMAIL=""
+
+Create a `cowbuilder` environment:
+
+ sudo cowbuilder --create # on new machines
+ sudo cowbuilder --update # ~regularly
+ sudo cowbuilder --build thing.dsc # do the build
+
+## Basic Commands
+
+Run from inside source directory, except apt-get commands:
+
+ apt-get source $PKG
+ dch -i # new debian/changelog entry w/ incremented version
+ dch "some task" # adds line to current changelog entry
+ uscan -v . # manually check for new package version
+ gbp import-orig --uscan # import new release via uscan (for gbp-developed packages)
+ lintian -EviIL +pedantic # after build
+ apt-get build-dep $PKG
+ dpkg-buildpackage -us -uc # just build a package on local machine (no sign)
+ # OR
+ debuild -us -uc # same as above + lintian? no color
+ sudo debi # install locally
+ debdiff pkg_1.0.deb pkg_1.0-1
+ dh_make -f ../something-1.0.tar.gz # does the renaming to .orig.tar.gz automatically
+ pdebuild --pbuilder cowbuilder
+
+Patching:
+
+ edit-patch
+
+## dgit
+
+`dgit` is complicated! Mostly because it is flexible/powerful, works with a lot
+of packaging workflows, and there is not a clear default workflow of packaging
+in general or with `dgit`.
+
+In particular dgit is mostly just about interfacing with debian project
+infrastructure, not storing packaging info in git format. There are multiple
+tools/workflows for the later (git-buildpackage ("gpb"), git-dpm, etc).
+
+## Debian Helper (`dh`)
+
+To override individual built targets, just define them in `debian/rules`.
+
+Starting from scratch, when you have tarballs:
+
+1. `mkdir` and `git init` an empty repo
+2. `gbp import-orig --pristine-tar <tarball>`. You can filter files out here if
+ you need to, eg for policy/copyright reasons.
+3. `dh_make -p $PKG_$VERSION` to start with defaults.
+
+## Other Tasks
+
+Mentors uploads (see [intro](https://mentors.debian.net/intro-maintainers)):
+
+- setup a `~/.dput.cf`
+- create a webface account
+- upload with: `dput mentors SOMETHING.changes`
+
+`pbuilder` for cross-platform/cross-arch builds (eg, armel, mips):
+
+ # setup ~/.pbuilderrc:
+ # https://jodal.no/2015/03/08/building-arm-debs-with-pbuilder/
+ sudo apt install qemu-user-static
+ sudo OS=debian DIST=stretch ARCH=armel pbuilder --create
+
+then, each test build (slow!):
+
+ sudo OS=debian DIST=stretch ARCH=armel pdebuild
+
+Running piuparts is simple (but slow):
+
+ sudo piuparts <pkg>.deb
+
+Create a quick blank debug docker (faster than most other tools for creating
+throw-away environments):
+
+ docker pull debian:sid
+ docker run -t -i debian:sid bash
+ # In container:
+ apt update